Bioactive Sulforaphane (Isothiocyanates), the Anti-Obesity Plant Based Compound

Kyle J. Norton

Dithiolthiones, a bioactive ingredient found in cruciferous vegetables may have an effect on reducing the risk of obesity in chronic consumption, some scientists suggested.

Dithiolthiones are phytochemicals in the class of Organosulfides, found abundantly in cruciferous vegetables, garden sorrel, horseradish, etc.

Obesity is a medical condition caused by the excess body fat accumulated over time.

And,  overweight is a condition of excess body weight relative to the height.

According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity.

According to the statistic, 68% of the American population is either overweight or obese.

Some researchers suggested that the prevalent and widespread of obesity in the Western world not only increased the burden of health care and economic cost but also induce a reduced quality of life of adults due to chronic ailments.

In the comparison of the obesity rate today and 50 years ago, the Centers for Disease Control statistic showed that the obesity rate has skyrocketed by more than 185 percent among American adults over the last 50 years, and the rate of extreme obesity among children have tripled during the same time period.

These results clearly suggested that the adults today must have something different in their daily activity that contributes these significant change.

Some researchers suggested that lack of exercise may be one the most prevalent risk factor which induces the onset of obesity.

Dr. Petri, the lead scientist in the examine the role of physical activity and exercise in obesity and weight said, "obesity is caused by a consistent decline in daily energy expenditure is not supported either by objective measures of energy expenditure or physiological theory of weight gain alone. However, since voluntary exercise is the most important discretionary component of total daily energy expenditure, it can affect energy balance".

This conclusion indicated that lack of exercise and over nutrient consumption work together to facilitate the onset of overweight and obesity.

In the concern of obesity widespread in the American population, researchers examine the anti-obesity effect of sulforaphane in the animal model. C57BL/6N mice in the study. were fed a normal diet (ND), HFD or HFD plus 0.1% sulforaphane (SFN) for 6 weeks.

According to the food efficiency ratios compared to untreated control, the sulforaphane treatment group showed a lower body weight. SFN attenuated HFD-induced visceral adiposity, adipocyte hypertrophy associated with increasing the store of fat within the abdominal cavity and fat accumulation in the liver.

Futhermore, Serum total cholesterol and leptin, and liver triglyceride levels were lower in HFD-SFN-fed mice than in HFD-fed mice.

The efficacy of SFN in the anti-fat deposit was attributed to the decreased expression of a protein which plays a critical in reducing triglyceride level and regulating the energy homeostasis and increased adiponectin expression in the modulation of glucose and fatty acid oxidation.
Taking foods containing sulforaphane may be effective in managing weight loss for obese patients accompanied by a change of lifestyle with more vegetables and fruits into a diet.

Futhermore, in a highly palatable (HP) diet male Wistar rats, injection of sulforaphane (SFN, 1 mg kg⁻¹, 4 months treatment)exerted some beneficial effects on obesity and insulin resistance.

Moreover, glucose tolerance was lower in the HP diet groups, especially in the HP group treated with SFN. Except for the liver triacylglycerols. 

Moreover, SFN at the specific dose was found to accentuate glucose intolerance and affect the GLUT3 protein in facilitating the transport of glucose across the plasma membranes of mammalian cells in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus in the HP diet group treated with SFN.

 Taken altogether, plant base sulforaphane may be considered a bioactive compound for the prevention and treatment of obesity with no side effects


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Sulforaphane attenuates obesity by inhibiting adipogenesis and activating the AMPK pathway in obese mice by Choi KM1, Lee YS1, Kim W1, Kim SJ2, Shin KO1, Yu JY3, Lee MK1, Lee YM1, Hong JT1, Yun YP1, Yoo HS4. (PubMed)
(2) Chronic sulforaphane oral treatment accentuates blood glucose impairment and may affect GLUT3 expression in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus of rats fed with a highly palatable diet by Souza CG1, Riboldi BP, Hansen F, Moreira JD, Souza DG, de Assis AM, Brum LM, Perry ML, Souza DO. (PubMed)
(3) Sulforaphane induced adipolysis via hormone-sensitive lipase activation, regulated by AMPK signaling pathway by Lee JH1, Moon MH, Jeong JK, Park YG, Lee YJ, Seol JW, Park SY. (PubMed)
(4) The role of physical activity and exercise in obesity and weight management: Time for critical appraisal by PetriWiklund. (Research Gate)