Phytochemical γ-Tocopherols Kill Colon Cancer Cells in Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

The colon is also known as the large intestine.
Colon cancer is relatively very common and slowly growing and progressing in a predictable way.

In most cases of primary colon cancer start in the cell on the surface of the inner lining of the colon. At the early stage. most patients with colon cancer do not experience any symptoms.

However, at the advanced stage, the tumor not only can spread to other healthy tissue and organs a distance away through blood and fluid circulation but also suppress the nearby tissue and nerve cells.

The progression of colon cancer at this stage not only induces symptoms of the change in bowel habits, the change in the consistency of your stool, that lasts longer than four weeks but also causes rectal bleeding and persistent abdominal severe pain.

The most common sites of metastasis for colon or rectal cancer is the liver and lung.

According to the statistic provided by the American Cancer Society, colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed in the United States. Every year approximately, 90000 new cases of colon cancer. 43,000 new cases of rectal cancer are diagnosed, leading to the death of 50,000 patients.

The lifetime risk of developing colorectal cancer is about 1 in 22 (4.49%) for men and 1 in 24 (4.15%) for women.

The 5-year survival rate for patients diagnosed with localized stage colorectal cancer is 90%. About 39% of patients are diagnosed at this early stage.

Tocopherols are phytochemicals of which many have vitamin E activity, belonging to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in butter, egg yolk, milk fat, some vegetable, seed, or nut oils, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of malignant tumors, researchers examined the growth inhibitory effects of different forms of tocopherols (T), tocopheryl phosphates (TP), and tocopherol quinones (TQ) on human colon cancer HCT116 and HT29 cells.

According to the analysis, δ-T was more effective in inhibiting colon cancer cell growth, decreasing cancer cell colony formation, and inducing apoptosis, compared to less effective in γ-T and ineffective in α-T.

Furthermore, the γ forms of TP and TQ process the highest inhibiting cancer cell growth, compared to the δ forms and least effective in the α forms.

More precisely, γ-TQ and δ-TQ (showing IC50 values of ∼0.8 and ∼2 μM)  showed significant potencies against the HCT116 cells, after a 72 h incubation with 100-fold and greater than 20-fold higher, respectively.

Moreover, δ-T, γ-TP, and γ-TQ induced cancer cell death were also attributed to the cleavage of caspase 3 involved in apoptosis and PARP1 associated with DNA repair and DNA fragmentation.

Collectively, researchers said, "the higher growth inhibitory activity of δ-T than γ-T, the even higher activities of the γ forms of TP and TQ, and the ineffectiveness of the α forms of tocopherol and their metabolites against colon cancer cells".

Taken altogether, tocopherols may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of colon cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose and acute liver toxicity.


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Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Inhibitory effects of different forms of tocopherols, tocopherol phosphates, and tocopherol quinones on growth of colon cancer cells by Dolfi SC1, Yang Z, Lee MJ, Guan F, Hong J, Yang C
S. (PubMed)

Phytochemical Beta-Sitosterol, the Anti-Cancer Potential Antioxidant

By Kyle J. Norton

Cancer is a class of chronic and medical conditions caused by the alternation of cell DNA.

Most cases of cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of specific tissues and organs.

At the advanced stage, cancer not only can induce general symptoms such as gastrointestinal discomfort, unintended weight loss, fatigue, and loss but also induce specific symptoms, such as localized bleeding and pain, depending on the location of the cancer.

Also, at this stage, primary cancer cells can travel a distance away from the original site to infect other healthy tissues and organs, leading to secondary metastasis through the circulation of blood and fluids.

Some cancers can be slow-growth, including prostate and colon cancer. Primary cancer at stages 0 and 1 may not induce any symptoms. However, at the later stage, a larger size tumor can induce specific symptoms depending on the affected organ accompanied by some general symptoms found in all types of cancer.

According to the statistic provided by the American Cancer Society, in the US in 2019, approximately 1,762,450 new cancer cases will be diagnosed and 606,880 deaths are results from cancer.

Furthermore, in the age perspective, older adults although are accounted for only 8% of all cases diagnosed in the US, have a 17% mortality rate compared to other age groups.

There are many prevalent factors associated with cancer onset, including an increase in age, excessive alcohol consumption, exposure to chemical toxins and sunlight, and infectious pathogens.

The 5 years survival rate is totally depending on the stage of cancer diagnosed. The early diagnosed stage has the highest survival rate compared to other later stages.

Beta-Sitosterol is a phytochemical in the class of Phytosterols, belonging to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in avocados, rice bran, wheat germ, corn oils, fennel, peanuts, soybeans, hawthorn, basil, and buckwheat. etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors, researchers examined the effect of beta-sitosterol (BS), a plant-derived nutrient on several types of cancer, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer, lung cancer, stomach cancer, ovarian cancer, and leukemia.

According to some studies, BS interferes with multiple cell signaling pathways, associated with cancer progression, including cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and inflammation. 

BS which is delivered directly to the cancer cells is relatively less potent, compared to BS delivery through liposomes. 

In other words, in order to offset the lower efficacy of BS, designing BS delivery for "cancer cell-specific" therapy is necessary.

Taken altogether, beta-Sitosterol may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of beta-Sitosterol in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose and acute liver toxicity.


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Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
Cancer
(1) Beta-Sitosterol: A Promising but Orphan Nutraceutical to Fight Against Cancer by Bin Sayeed MS1, Ameen SS. (PubMed)

Healthy Food #Artichoke, Protects the Upper Digestive Tract Against Functional Dyspepsia (FD), Researchers Suggest

By Kyle J. Norton

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a chronic condition characterized by a burning sensation caused by uncoordinated and ineffectual emptying of the upper digestive tract with no measurable structural abnormalities.

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is subdivided into two types: postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and epigastric pain syndrome (EPS).

According to statistics, approximately 20-45% of Canadians have such a condition, but only a low percentage of patients seek help from physicians. and functional dyspepsia accounts for 62.5% of dyspepsia in a population of black African patients, compared to other races.



The exact causes of functional dyspepsia are unidentified. Some researchers suggested that excessive acid secretion, inflammation, food allergies, unhealthy lifestyle choice, and long-term use of medications may have strong implications for the onset of the syndrome.

Pain, digestive discomforts such as fullness and bloating, excessive burping, nausea, and sometimes vomiting GERD, and a sour taste in the mouth are the most common symptoms of functional dyspepsia.

If you experience some of the aforementioned symptoms, please make sure you check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

Some researchers suggested that unhealthy dietary habits are one of the major risk factors associated with the onset of FD in the world.

Dr. Ji-Hao Xu, the lead scientist in the assessment of dietary habits in the risk of FD, wrote, "Unhealthy dietary habits were more prevalent in the FD group than in the control groups (75.86% versus 37.50%; p<0.001). FD was found to be associated with irregular mealtime, dining out, fatty food, sweet food, and coffee (p<0.05). The impact of each dietary factor varied with FD subtypes".

And, "Certain types of dietary habits were positively correlated with the prevalence of FD. FD subtypes showed relatively different associations with dietary factors".

The finding strongly suggested by following a healthy diet pattern, FD may be preventable.

Artichoke is a perennial thistle of Cynara cardunculus species of the Cynara genus, belonging to the family Carduoideae native to Southern Europe around the Mediterranean.

The herbal plant has been used in traditional medicine as a liver protective and detoxified agent, and to treat digestive disorders, abdominal pain gas and bloating, etc.

In the finding of natural therapeutics for the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD), researchers compared the efficacy of ginger and artichoke supplementation (SG) versus placebo in the treatment of FD.

The prospective multicentre, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparison of the supplement and placebo over a period of 4 weeks included 126 FD patients given 2 capsules/day (before lunch and dinner (supplementation/placebo: 65/61).

After 14 days, supplement treatment showed a significant amelioration of FD, compared to placebo.

SG treatment group also showed a significant reduction of nausea, epigastric fullness, epigastric pain, and bloating compared to the placebo.

Dr.Giacosa A, the lead scientist wrote, "The association between ginger and artichoke leaf extracts appears safe and efficacious in the treatment of FD and could represent a promising treatment for this disease".

In order to reveal more information about artichoke anti-FD property, researchers assessed the efficacy of artichoke leaf extract (ALE) in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia (FD).

The double-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) included 247 patients with functional dyspepsia treated with either a commercial ALE preparation (2 x 320 mg plant extract t.d.s.) or a placebo.

ALE improved the overall symptom significantly over the 6 weeks compared to the placebo

Similarly, patients treated with ALE also showed significantly greater improvement in the global quality-of-life scores (NDI) compared to the placebo.

Dr. Holtmann G, the lead scientist after taking into account co and confounders wrote in the final report, "the ALE preparation tested was significantly better than the placebo in alleviating symptoms and improving the disease-specific quality of life in patients with functional dyspepsia".

Taken altogether, artichoke may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD), pending the confirmation of a larger sample and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional's Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) The Effect of Ginger (Zingiber Officinalis) and Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus) Extract Supplementation on Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomised, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial by Giacosa A1, Guido D2, Grassi M2, Riva A3, Morazzoni P3, Bombardelli E3, Perna S4, Faliva MA4, Rondanelli M. (PubMed)
(2) Efficacy of artichoke leaf extract in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia: a six-week placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicentre trial by Holtmann G1, Adam B, Haag S, Collet W, Grünewald E, Windeck T. (PubMed)
(3) Certain Dietary Habits Contribute to the Functional Dyspepsia in South China Rural Area by Xu JH1, Lai Y1, Zhuang LP2, Huang CZ1, Li CQ1, Chen QK1, Yu T1. (PubMed)

Phytochemical Beta-Sitosterol May Process Anti Prostate Cancer Activity

By Kyle J. Norton

The prostate warped around the urethra is a gland of the male reproductive system found in front of the rectum and just below the bladder and responsible for making some of the semen that carries sperm.

The muscle of the prostate gland also plays a critical in nourishing and protecting sperm by secreting fluid in perm ejaculation into the urethra.

Prostate cancer is a medical and chronic condition caused by cell growth irregular in the prostate gland. Most cases of prostate cancers are slow-growing and enlarged prostate and prostate cancer may be detected during Physical (rectum) exams.

Most cases of prostate cancer begin in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the prostate tissue before penetrating into deeper layers to induce colonization.

At the advanced stage, the prostate cancer cells can spread to distant parts of the body, leading to secondary metastasis.

According to the statistics, prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men particularly older over 65, after skin cancer. in 2019, approximately 174,650 men in the US will be diagnosed with prostate cancer.

The average age of diagnosis is 66.

The most common symptoms of the prostate at the later stage are frequent urination and weak or interrupted urine flow due to the tumor that affects the tube surrounded by the prostate.

In some cases, patients may experience symptoms of blood in the urine and pain due to the oversize tumor that has pressed on the nearby blood vessels and nerve cells.

The new onset of erectile dysfunction is also common in patients with prostate cancer.

Beta-Sitosterol is a phytochemical in the class of Phytosterols, belonging to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in avocados, rice bran, wheat germ, corn oils, fennel, peanuts, soybeans, hawthorn, basil, and buckwheat. etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the prevention and treatment of cancer, researchers examined the effect of Arum Palaestinum extract containing additional isovanillin, linolenic acid, and β-sitosterol (GZ17) on prostate cancer in an animal model.

The study included male NU/NU mice (8 weeks old) with xenograft tumors derived from the prostate cancer cell line treated daily with 1000 mg/kg body weight gavage of the suspension GZ17 with control mice (10 mice in each group) received a vehicle in the same manner and volume.

Arum Palaestinum extract GZ17 showed a decline in the number of live prostates cancer cells in a dose/dependent manner after a 24 h exposure at doses of 0.015 to 6.25 mg/mL.

However, the fortified version of the extract that contained higher levels of isovanillin, linolenic acid, and β-sitosterol had a stronger effect on the cell death rate, compared to GZ17.

At the highest dose, GZ17 increased cell death from 30 % to 55 % compared to the vehicle control that had no effect on cell numbers.

More importantly, GZ17 showed no toxic effects on healthy cells in the doses that were toxic to treated cancer cells.

In NU/NU mice with xenograft prostate tumors, GZ17 treatment had a dramatic inhibition of tumor progression, compared to tumors steadily growing in the control group through the 3 weeks.

Finally, according to the tumor assays, the rate of tumor volume increase was 73 mm(3)/day for the vehicle group compared to only 24 mm(3)/day in GZ17 treated mice. 

Based on the results, researchers said, "Fortified Arum palaestinum Boiss caused a reduction in live cells within prostate cancer spheroids and blocked tumor growth in xenografted prostate tumors in mice without signs of toxicity".

Taken altogether, beta-Sitosterol used a combination with other herbal medicine and phytochemicals may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of beta-Sitosterol in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose and acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals' Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Arum Palaestinum with isovanillin, linolenic acid and β-sitosterol inhibits prostate cancer spheroids and reduces the growth rate of prostate tumors in mice by Cole C1, Burgoyne T2, Lee A3,4, Stehno-Bittel L5,6, Zaid G. (PubMed)

Omega-3 Fatty Acids Protect and Improve Cognitive Functions

By Kyle J. Norton

The central nervous system (CNS) is a complex network that controls most functions of the body and mind consisting of two parts, the brain, and the spinal cord.

Cognition is the process of the brain functioning associated with the attention of working memory, producing and comprehending language, learning, reasoning, problem-solving, and decision making.

On the other hand, cognitive impairment, depending on the severity of the condition, the infected person has trouble remembering, learning new things, concentrating, or making decisions that affect the quality of their everyday life.

Acute cognitive impairment is a short-term health problem caused by drug toxicity and withdrawal, electrolyte disturbance, lack of drugs, liver disease, infection, reduced sensor input, intracranial urinary retention/fecal impaction, or myocardial/metabolic/pulmonary. An acute cognitive deficit may be recovered if the cause is found.

Chronic cognitive impairment is a permanent medical condition caused by the gradual or permanent loss of neurons, leading to problems with language, ideomotor and constructive praxis, visual gnosis, spatial attention, learning abilities, and executive functions.

In the elderly, most cases of cognitive impairment are associated with neurodegenerative diseases and long-term use of medication, including Alzheimer's disease.

However, malnutrition, hormone imbalance such as thyroid hormone, mental illness, and substance abuse, particularly, in brain damage or injury are some of the major and prevalent risk factors that can cause the early onset of cognitive impairment.

There is no single cause of chronic cognitive impairment. An increase in age, genetic preposition, and certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, high blood cholesterol, pressure, being obese, and lack of exercise are some prevalent factors found in patients with chronic cognitive deficits.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the protection of cognitive functioning, researchers examined the effect of ω3 PUFA on an animal model that exhibits severe cognitive impairments (learning, memory).

The study included adult male mouse lemurs fed for 5 months on a control diet or on a diet supplemented with long-chain ω3 PUFA (n = 6 per group).

In vivo, ω3 PUFA supplementation lowered the anxiety in tested mice compared to control.

In cognitive parameters assays, ω3-supplementation mouses showed a better performance in a reference spatial memory task (80% of successful trials vs 35% in controls, p<0.05) and reduced spontaneous locomotor activity by 31%.

Importantly, chronic dietary ω3 PUFA supplementation positively impacts anxiety and cognitive performances in the adult mouse lemur.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "The supplementation of human food with ω3 fatty acids may represent a valuable dietary strategy to improve behavioral and cognitive functions".

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids may be considered a functional supplement for the prevention and treatment of cognitive functions, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose and acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professional's Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil lower anxiety, improve cognitive functions and reduce spontaneous locomotor activity in a non-human primate by Vinot N1, Jouin M, Lhomme-Duchadeuil A, Guesnet P, Alessandri JM, Aujard F, Pifferi F. (PubMed)