Friday 29 June 2018

The Foods That Kill Prostate Cancer Cells, Scientists Say

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
(The revised article)

The widespread of prostate cancer, once considered a disease of aging male, now have become major concerns of governments and scientific community in South East Asian with tendency to effect even younger age population.

Evidences in the Far East recent diet suggested,  over consuming bad fats in any time in history accompanied with unhealthy diet and life style may be the possible causes of the disease, linking to the economic prosperity over last 3 decades.

Prostate cancer is a medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the prostate tissue.

At the later state, the cancerous cells may travel a distance away from the original site to infect other healthy tissue or organ.

Most prostate cancers are slow growing. And Enlarged prostate and prostate cancer in most cases are  detected during physical (rectum) exams.

Some researchers suggested that certain abnormal expression of hormones may have a strong effect in increased risk of prostrate cancer, including high levels of hormone androgen and  insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).

In other words, patients with prostate cancer are linearly associated to high levels of hormonal testosterone and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).

Although genetic mutation may have a direct effect in induced prostate cancer incidence, such as BRCA1, BRCA2, MSH2 and MLH1, the direct causes of prostate cancer are still debatable.

However, there are some risk factors that have significant impacts to induce early onset of the disease.

The list include, age, family history, race, low levels of vitamin D in blood, excessive alcohol drinking, obesity,..... and enlarge prostate.

Foods That Kill Prostate Cancer Cells include
1. Flaxseed
Flax seed is native to the region of the eastern Mediterranean to India and also known as common flax or linseed.

Flax is an erect annual plant that can grow to 1.2 m tall. The leaves are 20–40 mm long and 3 mm broad.

Enterolactone and enterodiol, mammalian lignans derived from dietary flaxseed may obstruct or delay the progressed prostate cancer cell proliferation via vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-associated pathways(76). And, diet supplemented with 5% flaxseed inhibited the growth and development of prostate cancer in the TRAMP model(77) and lowered prostate cancer proliferation rates associated with biological alterations(78).

2. Vegetable oil
Vegetables oil is a triglyceride extracted from egetables.

Increased levels of MUFA-rich vegetable oil((including olive oil, canola or peanut oil)) intake were associated with a progressive reduction in prostate cancer risk(79).

Hydrogenated soybean oil (SHSO) showed remarkably strong anticarcinogenic activity against prostate cancer in the rat model. And, 5% dietary supplementation with SHSO inhibited the growth of prostate cancer by 80% in vivo(80).

3. Honey
The rich golden liquid is the miraculous product made by bees using nectar from flowers. The liquids are considered as one of healthy sweet food for replacing the use of white sugar and artificial sweetener by many people.

Chrysin, a natural flavone commonly found in honey, and honey itself showed to exert its antiproliferative effect on PC-3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manners(81).


4. Chickpea
Garbanzo beans also known as chickpea is an edible legume of genus Cicer, belongings to the family Fabaceae, with high sources of protein and mineral, native to Middle East.

7 protease inhibitor concentrates (PICs) isolated from chickpea showed a significant inhibition the LNCaP prostate cancer cells in concentrations tested of 25-400 μg/ml(82).

5. Olive oil
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), was found to significantly affect the growth of HCT 116 tumours xenografted in athymic mice(83).

And polyphenols, found in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) exerted chemopreventive effects towards different organ specific cancers, through disruption of overall process of carcinogenesis by inhibition of DNA synthesis and ROS production, regulation of cell cycle arrest and modulation of survival/proliferation pathways(84).

Moreover, polyphenols application can directly interact with specific steps and/or proteins regulating the apoptotic process in different ways, depending on their concentration, the cell system, the type or stage of the pathological process(85).

6. Black pepper
Black pepper, is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, used as a spice and seasoning.

Piperine, a major alkaloid constituent of black pepper, inhibited the proliferation of LNCaP, PC-3, 22RV1 and DU-145 prostate cancer cells in a dose dependent manner.

And, In caspase activation in LNCaP and PC-3 cells(86) and β-caryophyllene oxide (CPO), a sesquiterpene isolated from essential oil of black pepper(Piper nigrum L.) not only inhibited the constitutive activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K1 (anti-apoptosis and increased cell proliferation and nutrient–hormonal signaling network) pathway signaling cascade but also down-regulated the expression of various downstream gene products that mediate cell proliferation (cyclin D1), survival (bcl-2, bcl-xL, survivin, IAP-1, and IAP-2), metastasis (COX-2), angiogenesis (VEGF), and increased the expression of p53 and p21(87).

7. Green tea
Green tea containing more amount of antioxidants than any drinks or foods with the same volume, is the leaves of Camellia sinensis, undergone minimal oxidation during processing, originated from China.

Green tea catechins (GTCs), a potent chemical constituent containing (-)-epigallocathechin, (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate, in treatment of preprostate cancer men reduced lower urinary tract symptoms, improved coexistent benign prostatehyperplasia and reached a statistical significance in the case of International Prostate Symptom Scores(88).

In green tea polyphenols study, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exerted its anti PCa(89) effect by modulation of signaling pathways.

Also, combination of quercetin and green tea, showed a significant increase in inhibition of proliferation, androgen receptor and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling(tumor genesis in early stage), and stimulation of apoptosis(90).

In short, Green tea, a potent anti prostate cancer with activities of heritable alterations of gene expression and chromatin organization without changes in DNA sequence induced multistep processes of carcinogenesis(91) may be considered as a natural treatment in vary types of cancer.

8. Organic fermented soybean products
Fermented soybean products are made from fermenting soybeans and filamentous fungus, along with water and salt after a period of sometimes.

In the Japan, incidence of prostate caner in aging men are low in compared to the West.

This result may be due to tradition Japanese diet in exertion of prostate cancer protective effects

In fact, Traditional Japanese diet rich in soybean products and fish are associated to reduced prostate cancer risk(92).

In China, lower risk of prostate cancer are associated with consumption of soy foods and isoflavones found abundantly in fermented soybean products(93).

 Unfortunately, the epidemiological data, linking ferment soybean products to reduced risk of prostate cancer are inconsistent including miso.

Conclusion
The prevalence and widespread of prostate cancer may be diet, demographic and life style related disease(94)(95)(96).

Eating healthy, with plenty of vegetables and fruits has always been considered as a preventive approach. "Let foods be your medicine and let medicine be your foods" by Greek physician Hippocrates (460-377 BC).


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Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(76) Flaxseed-derived enterolactone is inversely associated with tumor cell proliferation in men with localized prostate cancer by Azrad M, Vollmer RT, Madden J, Dewhirst M, Polascik TJ, Snyder DC, Ruffin MT, Moul JW, Brenner DE, Demark-Wahnefried W.(PubMed)
(77) Effect of flaxseed supplementation on prostatic carcinoma in transgenic mice BY Lin X, Gingrich JR, Bao W, Li J, Haroon ZA, Demark-Wahnefried W.(PubMed)
(78) Flaxseed supplementation (not dietary fat restriction) reduces prostate cancer proliferation rates in men presurgery by Demark-Wahnefried W, Polascik TJ, George SL, Switzer BR, Madden JF, Ruffin MT 4th, Snyder DC, Owzar K, Hars V, Albala DM, Walther PJ, Robertson CN, Moul JW, Dunn BK, Brenner D, Minasian L, Stella P, Vollmer RT.(PubMed)
(79) Men who consume vegetable oils rich in monounsaturated fat: their dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer (New Zealand) by Norrish AE, Jackson RT, Sharpe SJ, Skeaff CM.(PubMed)
(80) Selectively hydrogenated soybean oil exerts strong anti-prostate cancer activities by Jung MY, Choi NJ, Oh CH, Shin HK, Yoon SH.(PubMed)
(81) Chrysin reduces proliferation and induces apoptosis in the human prostate cancer cell line pc-3 by Samarghandian S, Afshari JT, Davoodi S.(PubMed)
(82)Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and other plant-derived protease inhibitor concentrates inhibit breast and prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro. by Magee PJ, Owusu-Apenten R, McCann MJ, Gill CI, Rowland IR.(PubMed)
(83) Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of extra virgin olive oil by Fezai M, Senovilla L, Jemaà M, Ben-Attia M(PubMed).
(84) Modulatory effects of polyphenols on apoptosis induction: relevance for cancer prevention by D'Archivio M, Santangelo C, Scazzocchio B, Varì R, Filesi C, Masella R, Giovannini C.(PubMed)
(85) Apoptosis in cancer and atherosclerosis: polyphenol activities by Giovannini C, Scazzocchio B, Varì R, Santangelo C, D'Archivio M, Masella R.(PubMed)
(86) Piperine, a Bioactive Component of Pepper Spice Exerts Therapeutic Effects on Androgen Dependent and Androgen Independent Prostate Cancer Cells by Samykutty A, Shetty AV, Dakshinamoorthy G, Bartik MM, Johnson GL, Webb B, Zheng G, Chen A, Kalyanasundaram R, Munirathinam G.(PubMed)
(87) β-Caryophyllene oxide inhibits growth and induces apoptosis through the suppression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K1 pathways and ROS-mediated MAPKs activation by Park KR, Nam D, Yun HM, Lee SG, Jang HJ, Sethi G, Cho SK, Ahn KS.(PubMed)
(88) Chemoprevention of human prostate cancer by oral administration of green tea catechins in volunteers with high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia: a preliminary report from a one-year proof-of-principle study by Bettuzzi S, Brausi M, Rizzi F, Castagnetti G, Peracchia G, Corti A.(PubMed)
(89) Modulation of signaling pathways in prostate cancer by green teapolyphenols by Khan N, Mukhtar H.(PubMed)
(90)Enhanced inhibition of prostate cancer xenograft tumor growth by combining quercetin and green tea by Wang P, Vadgama JV, Said JW, Magyar CE, Doan N, Heber D, Henning SM.(PubMed)
(91) Epigenetic effects of green tea polyphenols in cancer by Henning SM, Wang P, Carpenter CL, Heber D.(PubMed)
(92) A case-control study of diet and prostate cancer in Japan: possible protective effect of traditional Japanese diet by Sonoda T, Nagata Y, Mori M, Miyanaga N, Takashima N, Okumura K, Goto K, Naito S, Fujimoto K, Hirao Y, Takahashi A, Tsukamoto T, Fujioka T, Akaza H.(PubMed)
(93) Soy and isoflavone consumption in relation to prostate cancer risk in China by Lee MM, Gomez SL, Chang JS, Wey M, Wang RT, Hsing AW.(PubMed)
(94) Soy intake and cancer risk: a review of the in vitro and in vivo data by Messina MJ, Persky V, Setchell KD, Barnes S.(PubMed)
(94) Mediterranean Diet and Prostate Cancer Risk and Mortality in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study by Kenfield SA, Dupre N, Richman EL, Stampfer MJ, Chan JM, Giovannucci EL.(PubMed)
(95) A prospective study of demographics, diet, and prostate canceramong men of Japanese ancestry in Hawaii by Severson RK, Nomura AM, Grove JS, Stemmermann GN.(PubMed)
(96) Alcohol consumption, smoking, and other risk factors and prostate cancer in a large health plan cohort in California (United States) by Hiatt RA, Armstrong MA, Klatsky AL, Sidney S.(PubMed)

Do You Know How to Determine the Severity of Allergic Reactions

By Kyle J. Norton, Scholar, Master of Nutrition

Allergy is the over reaction of immune system to harmless substances after entering our body affecting 1 in every 3 people.

Allergy is defined as the type I reactions or Immediate Hypersensitivity as a result of
over production of Immunoglobulin E (IgE), a class of allergic antibody by the immune system against harmless substance with an aim to mediate release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells and basophils, that lead to allergic reaction, including mucus secretion, sneezing, itching, etc.

Food allergy is a result of over production of antibody Immunoglobulin E (IgE) of immune system in responding to harmless ingredients in the foods such as peanut, shrimp, crayfish, lobster, walnuts, peanuts, soy, legume, etc., after eating.

Food allergy is severe food intolerance, in some cases, it may be fatal or hospitalized.

A. Food allergy can be classified into 2 types, depending to the length of the reaction of the immune system
1. Fixed food allergy
Fixed food allergy is defined as symptoms of allergy appeared immediately as soon as the allergic food is eaten.
2.  Marked (Cyclic) allergies
This types of allergic symptoms may taken longer to take effects, usually hour or days after the allergic food is eaten. Coiled foods allergy affects 90% of the patient of all cases.

B. How to determine the severity of the allergic effects
Depending to the allergy stimulating effect, some researchers suggested to scale the severity from 1 to 4 and followed by degeneration scale, but from -1 to -4
1. The severity scale from +1 to +4
+1. The first level of stimulation
If there is no symptoms at all or If the patient is alert and function morally after allergic is eaten
+2. The second level of stimulation
The patient have become irritable, hyperactive, tense, thirsty, etc. after a suspected allergic foods is eaten
+3. The third level of stimulation
The patient have become hypomanic, aggressive, apprehensive, etc.
+4. The fourth level of stimulation
The patient have become mania, agitation, over excitement, etc.

Other severity scale may also be use for all allergies, such as  1-6. 6 being the most severe. I think 0 is non allergic.

2. Degeneration scale from -1 to -4
-1. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of runny nose, hive, diarrhea, etc.
-2. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of tiredness, fatigue, swelling etc.
-3. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of depression, mental disturbance, confusion, mood change, etc.
-4. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of sever depression, paranoia, etc.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca



Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrition), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) How Far Can We Control the Severity of Food Allergic Reaction by Controlling Exposure to Allergenic Foods? ILSI Europe Workshop, 16 September 2016, Brussels
(2) Allergy DiagnosisReference Guide 

Thursday 28 June 2018

Infectious Diseases: Scientists Successfully Found the Vitamins That Suppress Over Growth of Candida, Cited by MEDLINE

By Kyle J. Norton, Scholar, Master of Nutrition

Candida albicans are members of a large group of micro organism whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within the membranes, including yeast(2)(3), fungi(4)(5)(6), and mold(6) that live among the gut flora in the human mouth and gastrointestinal tract.

Non-albicans Candida (NAC) species cause 35-65% of all candidaemias in the general patient population(1).

According to joint study, in many cases, biofilm(microorganisms with cells stick to each other on a surface) formation(7) gene mutations(8) and overexpression of genes(9)(10) are often associated with increased candida resistance toward antifungal drugs.


NADPH oxidase (NOX) are enzymes that generate reactive oxygen species by transporting electrons across lipid membranes.to induce cytotoxicy against invading microbes. However, according to the joint study lead by Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Candida albicans is capable of a ROS burst, using a member of the NOX enzyme family to produce ROS with an aim to drive fungal morphogenesis in the animal host(a).

Vitamin A, B2, C and E as antioxidants and free radical scavengers may have a potential role in inhibited superoxide anion (ROS) radicals caused by over expression of candida via NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes(b).


The Anti Over Growth of Candida Vitamins

1. Vitamin B2
Vitamin B2 required for a wide variety of cellular processes, plays a key role in energy metabolism and enhances the digestive system in absorbing nutrients and supports the immune system(230)(231) in fighting against bacteria causes of inflammatory disease, including candida(232).

2. Vitamin C
Vitamin C, a water-soluble vitamin and an antioxidant found in high concentrations in immune cells, is not only important in aiding the digestive system in absorbing nutrients, but also enhances the production of white blood cell(233)(234) of the immune system(235) in protection of the body by binding to the harmful bacteria(236) and ingesting them.

3. Vitamin A
Retinoic acid, appears to maintain normal skin health by switching on genes and differentiating keratinocytes (immature skin cells)(237) into mature epidermal cells and helps to detox the liver(238).

The viamin also enhances the immune system(239)(240) in protecting our body through its antimicrobial functions, including candida albicans(241).

4. Vitamin E
Vitamin E is fat-soluble compounds included both tocopherols and tocotrienols. It not only is an polyphenol antioxidants(242)(246) in scavenging free radicals and microorgainsms , but also promotes the immune system in enhanced functions of B-cells(244)(245), the immune cells(245)(247) in production of antibodies to destroy infectious agents..

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

(a) Candida albicans FRE8 encodes a member of the NADPH oxidase family that produces a burst of ROS during fungal morphogenesis by Rossi DCP1, Gleason JE1, Sanchez H2, Schatzman SS1, Culbertson EM1, Johnson CJ2, McNees CA1, Coelho C3, Nett JE2, Andes DR2, Cormack BP4, Culotta VC(PubMed)
(b) Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts by da Silva DL1, Reis FS, Muniz DR, Ruiz AL, de Carvalho JE, Sabino AA, Modolo LV, de Fátima A(PubMed)
(1) Non-albicans Candida spp. causing fungaemia: pathogenicity and antifungal resistance by Krcmery V1, Barnes AJ.(PubMed)
(2) Pathogenicity and drug resistance in Candida albicans and other yeastspecies. A review by Mishra NN1, Prasad T, Sharma N, Payasi A, Prasad R, Gupta DK, Singh R.(PubMed)
(3) Multidrug resistance in yeast Candida by Prasad R1, Kapoor K.(PubMerd)
(4) New evidence that Candida albicans possesses additional ATP-binding cassette MDR-like genes: implications for antifungal azole resistance. by Walsh TJ1, Kasai M, Francesconi A, Landsman D, Chanock SJ.(PubMed)
(5) Mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans isolates from AIDS patients involve specific multidrug transporters.by Sanglard D1, Kuchler K, Ischer F, Pagani JL, Monod M, Bille J.(PubMed)
(6) Structural analysis of phospho-D-mannan-protein complexes isolated from yeast and mold form cells of Candida albicans NIH A-207 serotype A strain by Shibata N1, Fukasawa S, Kobayashi H, Tojo M, Yonezu T, Ambo A, Ohkubo Y, Suzuki S.(PubMed)
(7) The effect of antifungal combination on transcripts of a subset of drug-resistance genes in clinical isolates of Candida species induced biofilms by Ibrahim NH1, Melake NA2, Somily AM3, Zakaria AS4, Baddour MM5, Mahmoud AZ6(PubMed)
(8) Antifungal drug resistance in pathogenic fungi. by Vanden Bossche H1, Dromer F, Improvisi I, Lozano-Chiu M, Rex JH, Sanglard D.(PubMed)
(9) The genetic basis of fluconazole resistance development in Candida albicans by Morschhäuser J1.(PubMed)
(10) A proteomic approach to understanding the development of multidrug-resistant Candida albicans strains by Kusch H1, Biswas K, Schwanfelder S, Engelmann S, Rogers PD, Hecker M, Morschhäuser J.(PubMed)
(230) Edible mushrooms: improving human health and promoting quality life by Valverde ME1, Hernández-Pérez T1, Paredes-López O1.(PubMed)
(231) [Effect of some vitamins on activity of immunocompetent cells].[Article in Russian]by Nezgovorov DV.(PubMed)
(232) Antioxidants keep the potentially probiotic but highly oxygen-sensitive human gut bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii alive at ambient air by Khan MT1, van Dijl JM1, Harmsen HJ1.(PubMed)
(233) Storing red blood cells with vitamin C and N-acetylcysteine prevents oxidative stress-related lesions: a metabolomics overview by Pallotta V1, Gevi F1, D'alessandro A1, Zolla L1.(PubMed)
(234) Red blood cell metabolism under prolonged anaerobic storage by D'Alessandro A1, Gevi F, Zolla L.(PubMed)
(235) Alterations in antioxidant defense system of workers chronically exposed to arsenic, cadmium and mercury from coal flying ash by Zeneli L1, Sekovanić A, Ajvazi M, Kurti L, Daci N.(PubMed)(236) Indomethacin-induced translocation of bacteria across enteric epithelia is reactive oxygen species-dependent and reduced by vitamin C by Schoultz I1, McKay CM, Graepel R, Phan VC, Wang A, Söderholm J, McKay DM.(PubMed)
(237) Vitamin C derivative ascorbyl palmitate promotes ultraviolet-B-induced lipid peroxidation and cytotoxicity in keratinocytes by Meves A1, Stock SN, Beyerle A, Pittelkow MR, Peus D.(PubMed)
238. Effects of dried fish on antioxidant levels in rat liver by Anilakumar KR1, Khanum F, Krishna KR, Viswanathan KR.(PubMed)
(239) Vitamin A and retinoic acid in T cell-related immunity by Ross AC1.(PubMed)
(240) Vitamin A and immune regulation: role of retinoic acid in gut-associated dendritic cell education, immune protection and tolerance by Cassani B1, Villablanca EJ, De Calisto J, Wang S, Mora JR.(PubMed)(241) Modulatory role of vitamin A on the Candida albicans-induced immune response in human monocytes by Klassert TE1, Hanisch A, Bräuer J, Klaile E, Heyl KA, Mansour MK, Tam JM, Vyas JM, Slevogt H.(PubMed)
(242) [Toxicology of the synthetic antioxidants BHA and BHT in comparison with the natural antioxidant vitamin E].[Article in German]by Kahl R1, Kappus H.(PubMed)
(243) Effectiveness of antioxidants (vitamin C and E) with and without sunscreens as topical photoprotectants by Darr D1, Dunston S, Faust H, Pinnell S.(PubMed)
(244) Immune dysfunction and cytokine production in hemodialysis. Could they be lessened by vitamin E-coated dialyzer membrane by Senatore M, Cecere P, Colombo P, Costantini L, Filiberti O, Piccini G, Peona C, Buemi M, Nicoletti A, Rizzuto G.(PubMed)
(245) Prospective crossover trial of the influence of vitamin E-coated dialyzer membranes on T-cell activation and cytokine induction by Girndt M1, Lengler S, Kaul H, Sester U, Sester M, Köhler H.(PubMed)
(246) Vitamin E and immunity by Moriguchi S1, Muraga M.(PubMed)
(247) The role of vitamin E in T-cell differentiation and the decrease of cellular immunity with aging.by Moriguchi S1.(PubMed)(249) By the way, doctor. I recently saw a TV ad for a product called "coralcalcium," which is supposed to prevent osteoporosis and other diseases. What do you know about it by Robb-Nicholson C.(PubMed)

Degenerative Diseases - Beware of Substance Abuse Causes of Dementia

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.


According to US statistic, the rate of dementia has been falling sharply by 24 % from 2000 to 2012 in the age group of 65 and older. And the average age of people diagnosed with dementia in 2000, are 80.7 in compared to 82,4% in 2012(1).

One in 10 people will be diagnosed of dementia as some point in their lifetime. And 5.7 million Americans of all ages are living with Alzheimer's dementia in 2018.

Sadly, Alzheimer's disease is the sixth-leading cause of death in the United States, and the fifth-leading cause of death among those age 65 and older(2).

The diseases also is a leading cause of in reduced quality of life due to disability and poor health.

Unfortunately, the prevalent risk of dementia have escalated substantially in the East due to economic prosperity over last 30 years in increased living standard of population over a billion.

As a large percentage of these population have become followers of Western diet as they have made a lots of money in compared to others and the past.

Dementia is the loss of mental ability that is severe enough to interfere with people's every day quality of life.

Illicit drug used can severely damage  nervous system because of their direct and indirect effects on the integrity and function of nervous system tissue, probably through immune altered effects(124).

Injection drug users has shown to increase risk of dementia by up to 40% of patients with HIV infection(125), 

The list of illicit drugs can cause early onset of dementia includes


1. Heroin
Heroin (diacetylmorphine or morphine diacetate (INN)), also known as diamorphine (BAN), an opiate drug extracted from the seed pod of the Asian opium poppy plant, showed to induce dysfunction of different components of cortico-striatal (forebrain) circuitry in response to recognition memory, spatial working memory, planning, sequence generation, visual discrimination learning, and attentional set-shifting of groups of subjects(126).

2. Cocaine and Methamphetamine
Cocaine (benzoylmethylecgonine) (INN), a crystalline tropane alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant showed to induce rapidly accelerating HIV dementia accompanied by seizures and an unusual movement disorder(127).

3. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
Lysergic acid diethylamide, abbreviated LSD or LSD-25, also known as lysergide and colloquially as acid, is a semisynthetic psychedelic drug used to treat patients with mental disorders may temporarily alter the thinking processes, closed and open eye visuals, synaesthesia, an altered sense of time, etc.(128), but regain the ability to judge, to acquire competence and new learning, to focus attention and concentrate, to recall and retrieve relevant information(129)

4. Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, or MDMA
Ecstasy, a highly addictive drug, is a powerful CNS stimulant with chemically similar to the stimulant methamphetamine and hallucinogen mescaline induced confusion, depression, sleep problems, drug craving, and severe anxiety(130).

5. Other illicit drugs
According to the study at University of Rostock, Dr. Büttner A., drug abuse represents a significant health issue.
The major substances abused substances including cannabis, opiates, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine and 'ecstasy'. altered intracellular messenger pathways, transcription factors and immediate early genes within the brain reward system may lead to cardiovascular complications, psychiatric and neurologic symptoms due to their widespread disturbances within the complex network of central nervous system in cell-to-cell interaction(131).


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca



Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrition), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


References
(1) U.S. Dementia Rates Are Dropping Even as Population Ages, by NewYork Time
(2) 2018 ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE FACTS AND FIGURES by Alzheimer's Association(124) Neurologic disease in injection drug users: therapeutic issues by Royal W 3rd1.(PubMed)
(125) Antiretroviral therapy for drug users by Clarke SM1, Mulcahy FM.(PubMed)
(126) Profiles of cognitive dysfunction in chronic amphetamine and heroin abusers by Ornstein TJ1, Iddon JL, Baldacchino AM, Sahakian BJ, London M, Everitt BJ, Robbins TW.(PubMed)
(127) Acceleration of HIV dementia with methamphetamine and cocaine by Nath A1, Maragos WF, Avison MJ, Schmitt FA, Berger JR.(PubMed)
(128) Lysergic acid diethylamide(Wikipedia)
(129) The Consumers Union Report on Licit and Illicit Drugs by Edward M. Brecher and the Editors of Consumer Reports Magazine, 1972(Schaffer library and drug policy)
(130) Publications - DrugFacts(National institute on drug abuse)
(131) Review: The neuropathology of drug abuse by Büttner A1.(PubMed)

Detoxification - How to Detox and Nourish Your Skin, Cited by Medline Studies

By Kyle J. Norton, Scholar, Master of Nutrition

Skin is a largest organ in the body with function to protect the internal organs and tissue against foreign organisms infection, leading organs and tissue injure and damage.

It also is third organ behind liver and kidney to eliminate body toxins if the first 2 fail to cleanse them all.

Western diet contains high saturated fat, trans fat, and other harmful substances such as sugar, caffeine, pesticides, additive substances, and less in fruits and vegetables. 

These types of harmful substances are toxic. Our body's detoxifying functions try to get rid of them everyday. 

However, if they are overwhelmed, over expression of toxins can induce a disruption of hormone production, damage the body's detoxification organs and weaken the immune system, affecting in hormone balancing and exhibiting varieties of chronic illness consequently. 

Natural Skin cleansing remedies may include

1. Selenium
Selenium is very important  mineral in rejuvenating skin condition.

Dietary selenium not only protects skin against photo damage but, as a topical application, it also improves skin surface parameters(2).

The supplementation has been proposed to confer health benefits for patients suffering from some viral diseases. And in vitro, intake of selenium exerted a profound effect in inhibited progression of over growth Candida albicans organisms of selenium deficiency rats in induction of toxins accumulation(3).

There is a relative incidence of Candida albicans on the skins of persons with skin diseases(4).

In Psoriasis patients, application of selenium decreased levels of reactive oxygen species through inhibiting production of proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). As the result, the mineral also protect skin against the external factor, ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation in affecting the skin health(1).

Furthermore, selenium can also influence immune response by changing the expression of cytokines and their receptors found in the outer layer of skin cells and making immune cells more resistant to oxidative stress(1).

2. Zinc supplementation
Zinc is the third highest abundance in the skin of the body, particularly, in the epidermis and the dermis.

The mineral also is a powerfully natural antibiotic used in cosmetic products for treatment of acne(5) and other forms of skin diseases, caused by skin inflammation and toxins accumulation by stimulating the release of vitamin A from the skin.

Oral administration of zinc sulphate is effective for patients with long term parenteral hyperalimentation developed skin lesions, similar to those seen in acrodermatitis enteropathica(6).

According to the University of Yamanashi, zinc deficiency may reduce the active proliferation and differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes in induction of skin disorder(7).

3. Lecithin
Lecithin is a fat-like substance, or phospholipid, produced by healthy liver. It is needed for a healthy skin.

Lecithin helps the body in utilizing vitamins A, D, E in fighting against the bacteria and virus that causes skin problems(9). The antioxidant also eliminate the toxins on the skin or around the eyes caused by fatty deposits(10).

Application of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and lecithin/chitosan (LC) nanoparticles enhanced the amount of betamethasone-17-valerate  in epidermis as formulation for topical application for steroidal treatment(11).

4. Strawberry
Strawberries come in endless varieties but all leaves of all strawberries contain healing tannins.

The herb has also been used to aid in the treatment of anemia, eczema, jaundice and other skin problems caused by weakening of the liver.

According to the joint study lead by the Polytechnic University of Marche, strawberry-based cosmetic products showed a substantial effect to reduce skin damage caused by exposed to environmental stressors, such as UVA radiation in induction of oxidative stress, inflammation and cell death via the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)(12).


Additionally, products containing strawberry also protect skin in stimulated production of human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) in forming the connective tissue of the skin during wound healing(12).


5. Burdock root
Burdock has traditionally been used in treating chronic skin ailments such as eczema psoriasis, and dermatitis through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial compounds(13).

The herb also has a significant effect in purified the bloodstream of toxins that can lead to skin diseases(13).

According to the National Cancer Institute, quercetin, the major antioxidant isolated from burdock root are capable of mitigating radiation induced skin fibrosis(14).

As Western blotting assay showed that quercetin treatment significantly reduced hind limb contracture, collagen accumulation and expression of TGF-β caused by toxicity of irradiated skin(14)
in exhibited loss of function due to reduced range of motion and pain.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Selenium and psoriasis by Nazıroğlu M1, Yıldız K, Tamtürk B, Erturan İ, Flores-Arce M(PubMed)
(2) Selenoproteins are essential for proper keratinocyte function and skindevelopment by Sengupta A1, Lichti UF, Carlson BA, Ryscavage AO, Gladyshev VN, Yuspa SH, Hatfield DL(PubMed)
(3) An in vivo and in vitro study of selenium deficiency and infection in rats, by Boyne R, Arthur JR, Wilson AB(PubMed)
(4) Relative incidence of Candida albicans on the skins of persons with and without skin diseases by MARWIN RM(PubMed)
(5) The role of zinc in the treatment of acne: A review of the literature by Cervantes J1, Eber AE1, Perper M1, Nascimento VM1, Nouri K1, Keri JE(PubMed)
(6) Acquired zinc deficiency disease of skin by Wexler D, Pace W(PubMed)
(7) Zinc and skin biology by Ogawa Y1, Kawamura T2, Shimada S(PubMed)
(9) [The effect of lecithin type on the absorption of vitamins A and E from liposomes in the skin].[Article in German] by Szulc J1, Woyczikowski B, Szczepanska M, Cal K, Wolniak L, Sosada M, Pasker B, Wasowicz K(PubMed)
(10) Integrating Complementary Medicine into Veterinary by PracticeBy Paula Jo Broadfoot, Richard E. Palmquist,
(11) Comparison of PLGA and lecithin/chitosan nanoparticles for dermal targeting of betamethasone valerate by Özcan I1, Azizoğlu E, Senyiğit T, Özyazici M, Özer Ö(PubMed)
(12) A Pilot Study of the Photoprotective Effects of Strawberry-Based CosmeticFormulations on Human Dermal Fibroblasts by Gasparrini M1, Forbes-Hernandez TY2,3, Afrin S4, Alvarez-Suarez JM5,6, Gonzàlez-Paramàs AM7, Santos-Buelga C8, Bompadre S9, Quiles JL10, Mezzetti B11, Giampieri F(PubMed)
(13) Top 15 Herbs that Push Psoriasis Out of Your Space!(Natural On)
(14) Quercetin inhibits radiation-induced skin fibrosis by Horton JA1, Li F, Chung EJ, Hudak K, White A, Krausz K, Gonzalez F, Citrin D(PubMed)

Wednesday 27 June 2018

*Infectious Diseases: Carrot, The Tasty Food That Gobbles Up Pathogenic Microorganisms, Scientists Revealed

Kyle J. Norton

Carrots may have a profound and positive effect in gobbled up foreign microbial organisms, before they can cause infection and damage to the host tissue, some scientists suggested.

The results of the veggie inhibition of microbacterial expression in increased risk of infection were demonstrated by respectable institutes, including Iowa State University and Université de Monastir.

Infectious tissue caused by microbial organisms, can induce transmissible disease or communicable disease through production of toxins.

Most common symptoms of infection are fever. This is the result of reaction of immune response in stimulated over production of pro inflammatory cytokines in protection the damage or injure against micro pathogens.

However, over repression of pro inflammatory factors can also induce tissue damage and forming of scars. 

Other common symptoms also include chills and sweats, cough, sore throat, nasal congestion,....and burning or pain with urination

Some researchers suggested that most people with balance of antioxidant, produced by tissue enzyme and free radicals are normally perform quite well against micro organisms during the time of infection.

Unluckily, people with weakened immune system caused by reduced levels of antioxidant enzymes may need to gobble up some anti inflammatory agents to speed up the recovery.

Conventional antibiotics may be helpful, however, they can cause severe adverse effects.

Carrot, a root vegetable with orange color is a sub spices of Daucus carota, belongings to the family Apiaceae, native to Asian and Europe.

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Fibre
4. Fat
5. Protein
6. Vitamin A
7. Thiamine (VittaminB1)
8. Riboflavin (Vittamin B2)
9. Niacin (Vittamin B3)
10. Vitamin B6
11. Folate (Vittamin B9)
12. Vitamin C
13. Vitamin K
14. Calcium
15. Iron
16. Magnesium
17. Molybdenum
18. Phosphorus
19. Potassium
20. Sodium


In the investigate the effect of essential oils extracted from Daucus carota L. (Apiaceae) seeds in inhibited the spread of microbial organism through comparison of 4 volatile compounds β-bisabolene (mean content of 39.33%), sabinene (8.53%), geranyl acetate (7.12%), and elemicin (6.26%), researchers found that application of all compounds exert strong activity in inhibited expression of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium).

The result of efficacy probably were due to carrot seed extract's protection of cell membrane against micro organism in initiated cell infection

Nornally, infectious agents invade cell membrane as the entry point to alternate DNA of the healthy cells.

In vitro, injection of all major compounds also showed a potential effect against Candida albicans, a pathogenic yeast.

Further more, essential oil of carrot seed extract also exerted a similar antibacterial and antifungal activities in compared to individual compound.

Some researchers suggested that antioxidant may also have a profound effect in initiated expression of free radical cytotoxicity in facilitated damage and death of microorganims, particularly in the infectious cells.

Interestingly, the precipitated cytotoxicity induced by reactive oxygen species and carrot antioxidant did not cause harm to the healthy cells.

Also, the expression of antioxidant in the found compound ameliorated the immune response to protect our body against the stimulation of microorganism in initiated production of inflammatory cytokine without reduced immune activity.

Over expression of proinflammation not only associated to increased symptoms of swelling, pain, fever but also increased risk of cell damage and apoptosis in the site of infection, leading to abnormal healing skin.

Additionally, in analysis of the carrot essential oil from flowers and roots of Daucus carota L. ssp. maritimus obtained by hydrodistillation, researchers at the Université de Monastir reported that out of thirty-two and six compounds were identified in flower and root oils, phenolic derivatives (76.3%), myristicin (31; 29.7%), and dillapiole (32; 46.6%) constituted to main fraction demonstrated most protective effect in the inhibition of a series of common human pathogenic bacteria.

According to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays, the found chemical compound also inhibited some clinically and environmentally isolated strains.

The finding evidences, suggested that carrot with abundant bioactive compounds may be used as a function food for reduced risk and treatment of microbacterial infection.



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Arthritis Is Curable

You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

FOOD HACK for Weight Loss
A Simple Cooking Technique That Cuts The Calories & Glycemic
Impact In Rice, Pasta, And Potatoes In Half

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Variation of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of natural populations of Tunisian Daucus carota L. (Apiaceae) by Rokbeni N1, M'rabet Y, Dziri S, Chaabane H, Jemli M, Fernandez X, Boulila A.(PubMed)
(2) Flower and root oils of the tunisian Daucus carota L. ssp. maritimus (Apiaceae): integrated analyses by GC, GC/MS, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and in vitro antibacterial activity by Jabrane A1, Jannet HB, Harzallah-Skhiri F, Mastouri M, Casanova J, Mighri Z.(PubMed)

A Miracle Bean, Better Than Probiotics and Prebiotics In Optimized Bowel Health

Kyle J. Norton, Scholar and Master of Nutrition


Whole food(herbal medicine), linking health benefits in prevention, management and treatment of diseases has played an important role in human history over many centuries.

The finding of whole food medication by renowned scientists all over world to replace the single ingredient of Western medicine with little or no side effect has been difficult due to no commercial benefit and patent right to producers.

Bowel disease is a result of digestive dysfunction. People experience some minor gastrointestinal problems one in a while.

In some cases, digestive dysfunction can cause stomach discomforts such as bloated and sluggish. However, in serious cases, digestive problem may lead to development of irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, diarrhoea, stomach-ache, nausea.

According to statistic, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common form of functional bowel syndrome, affecting approximatelt, 10–15% worldwide population

In US, about 2.4 and 3.5 million people suffer the syndrome annually.

Some researchers suggested that bowel disease may be associated to imbalance of ratio of gut microbiota. 

In other words, bowel disorder occurs when the bad bacteria have over growth in compared to the good one.

Over growth of C. difficile is asociated to diarrhea.  Long term of  unhealthy microbiota can lead to inflammatory bowel disease, inducing obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular Disease(5).

Dr. Miele L, the lead author said, "Gut microbiota has been recently established to have a contributory role in the development of cardiometabolic disorders, such as atherosclerosis, obesity, and type 2 diabetes" and "Growing interest has focused on the modulation of gut microbiota as a therapeutic strategy in cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders".

According to general belief, in take probiotic may be considered as a health choice in improved gut health. However, according to recent study, "While evidence of the preventive and therapeutic effects of probiotic strains on diarrhoeal illness and other intestinal conditions is promising, the exact mechanisms of the beneficial effects are not fully understood" and  "Recent studies have raised the question of whether non-viable probiotic strains can confer health benefits on the host by influencing the immune system".

Some health care professionals in services of patients with bladder and bowel diseases suggested that eat a balanced diet, drink enough fluids, limit the amount of alcohol you consume, chew your food well,...... and don’t miss meals may have potential effect in contribution of a healthy bowel(7).


Garbanzo bean also known as chickpea is an edible legume of genus Cicer and the family Fabaceae, high in protein and minerals. It is one of the earliest cultivated vegetables, native to Middle East.

With Nutrients of
1. Carbohydrates
2. Dietary fiber
3. Fat
4. Protein
5. Vitamin A
6. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
7. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
8. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
9. Pantothenic acid (B5)
10. Vitamin B6
11. Folate (Vitamin B9)
12. Vitamin C
13. Vitamin E
14. Vitamin K
15. Iron
16. Magnesium
17. Phosphorus
18. Potassium
19. Zinc

People who follow typical American diet, may express a certain problem in bowel movement, as a result of consuming high saturated fat, salt, sugar....... and less of fiber.

According to the University of Tasmania, diet not only affects food choice, satiety but also have a profound influence of bowel health.

As 15 participants.who participated in the study showed the trend of eating more processed snack foods (high energy, low fiber) after ceasing chickpea consumption(1).

In a 27 free-living adults followed two randomized, crossover dietary interventions each of five weeks duration, Dr. Pittaway JK and research team said,"... significant decrease in serum TC and LDL-C during the chickpea diet compared to the equivalent fibre wheat diet was partly due to unintentional changes in macronutrient intake occurring because of chickpea ingestion"(2).

The effect of chickpea in promotion of bowel health may be the result of high amount of dietary fiber found in the legume.

In the study of the effectiveness of probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary fiber in the treatment of FGD in the pediatric population, researchers suggested that administration of a fiber supplement is more effective than placebo for the treatment of childhood constipation(3).

In fact, fiber undergone partial or total fermentation after conscription in the distal small bowel and colon can lead to production of short-chain fatty acids and gas, thereby affecting gastrointestinal function and sensation, the University of Michigan Health System, insisted(4).

And high-fiber diet showed to improve bowel function and health-related quality of life in patients with Crohn disease(8), according to the study of 2-group individuals diagnosed with the disease.

The results suggested that consuming foods with fiber score a significant effect in improved health-related quality of life and gastrointestinal function in compared to same foods that without.

Taking altogether, people who eat some portions of chickpea everyday may improve the bowel health, regardless to types of diet.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

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Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Kyle J. Norton, Scholar and Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Chickpea supplementation in an Australian diet affects food choice, satiety and bowel health by Murty CM1, Pittaway JK, Ball MJ.(PubMed)
(2) Effects of a controlled diet supplemented with chickpeas on serum lipids, glucose tolerance, satiety and bowel function by Pittaway JK1, Ahuja KD, Robertson IK, Ball MJ.(PubMed)
(3) Probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary fiber in the management of functional gastrointestinal disorders by Horvath A1, Szajewska H.(PubMed)
(4) Fiber and functional gastrointestinal disorders by Eswaran S1, Muir J, Chey WD.(PubMed)
(5) Impact of Gut Microbiota on Obesity, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk by Miele L1,2, Giorgio V3, Alberelli MA4, De Candia E5, Gasbarrini A6, Grieco A(PubMed)
(6) Intestinal microbiota, diet and health by Power SE1, O'Toole PW1, Stanton C2, Ross RP2, Fitzgerald GF(PubMed)
(7) Maintaining A Healthy Bowel(B&B)
(8) A high-fiber diet may improve bowel function and health-related quality of life in patients with Crohn disease by Brotherton CS1, Taylor AG, Bourguignon C, Anderson JG(PubMed)



Monday 25 June 2018

*Is Hair Loss A Problem? Try These Natural Remedies, Scientists Say

By Kyle J. Norton, Scholar, Master of Nutrition


Decreased hormonal secretions due to aging stimulates the production of the enzyme 5-alpha reductase to converse testosterone to gihydro-testosterones DHT, leading to hair growth back thinner or not growth back at all.

 DHT shrinks the follicles, causing hair thins.

Commonly, hair receded at the forehead, crown and temple for men and thins over the entire scalp for women.

Herbal treatment for hair loss has existed throughout human history, but epidemiological studies, linking herbs effectiveness in treating hair loss have produced inconsistent results.

Androgenetic alopecia is a common hair loss in men and women.

In men, it causes baldness patterns, receding at the forehead.

In women, the hair becomes thinner all over the head, and the hairline does not recede.


1. Thujae occidentalis
Thujae occidentalis is an evergreen coniferous tree, belonging to the cypress family, native to the United States and the southeast of Canada. the herb has been used in folk medicine in treating warts, ringworm and thrush.

In HEK 293 cell line derived from human embryonic kidney cells grown in tissue culture, with expressing human 5alpha-reductase (type 2), researchers found that thujae occidentalis semen (TOS) extract in comparison with gamma-linolenic acid and finasteride (a synthetic drug used to be for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia), topically applied to fuzzy rat and androchronogenetic alopecia (AGA) mouse, shows effectiveness in treating male pattern baldness by dictating androgen conversion with higher inhibition activity of 5alpha-reductase type 2 than that of gamma-linolenic acid, but lower than that of finasteride.

These result indicated that the extract may be a potent agent for treating male baldness(1).


2. Cuscuta reflexa Roxb(Dodder)
Cuscuta reflexa Roxb is a Perennial tree, belongings to the family Cuscutaceae, native to the Eastern Asia.

Petroleum ether extract of C. reflexa, in the experiment used as a topical application, showed the inhibition of 5alpha-reductase activity, hair growth-promoting activity, by blocking conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone which causes hair receded(2).

3. Citrullus colocynthis Schrad
Citrullus colocynthis is a desert viny plant native to the Mediterranean Basin and Asia.

The herb has been used in folk medicine for treatments of cancer, carcinoma, endothelioma, leukemia, corns, tumors, etc.

In androgen-induced alopecia mice, application of  the petroleum ether extract of C. colocynthis showed an effectiveness in enhancing follicular density, exhibited hair growth-promoting activity in anagenic phase in compared to standard finasteride(3).


4. Eclipta alba(false daisy)
Eclipta alba is a species of E. prostrata , belongings to the family Asteraceae, native to India, China, Thailand, and Brazil.

 The herb has been used in folk medicine for treatments of com­bat­ing swelling, inflam­ma­tion, skin con­di­tions, etc..

Petroleum ether and ethanol extract of E. alba Hassk in comparison with minoxidil 2% in rat study, exhibited hair growth pattern better than the positive control minoxidil 2% with significantly reduced time for complete hair growth.(4)

5. Garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, belonging to family Amaryllidaceae, native to central Asia.

The herb or food has been used popularly in traditional and Chinese medicine in treating common cold and flu to the Plague, blood pressure cholesterol levels, natural antibiotic, etc.,

Experiment of garlic gel in promoting hair growth suggested that garlic gel shows a positive response in enhancing the application of topical betamethasone valerate(5).

6. Onion
The onion is a plants in the genus Allium, belongings to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic.

 It is often called the “king of vegetables” because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world’s cultures.

Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild or sweet.

Topical crude onion juice in the study against hair loss, exhibited re-growth of terminal coarse hairs after two weeks of application, in significantly higher among males compared to females, after 4 weeks(6).

7. Polygonum multiflorum
He Shou wu is also known as Chinese Knotweed, genus Fallopia, belongings to Polygonaceae, native to central and southern China.

The herbal medicne has been used in traditional Chinese medicine in treating hyperlipemia, neurasthenia, split personality, premature white hair, nerve injuries, skin wind rash, constipation, etc..

 Ethanol extract from Polygonum multiflorumroots in the experiment using dermal papilla cells (DPCs), showed to increase the proliferation of DPCs which plays an impotant role in enhancing hair growth and hair-fiber length significantly(7).

 In topically applied to the shaved dorsal skin of telogenic C57BL6/N mice, the extract stimulated hair growth by inducing anagen phase and the number and the size of hair follicles(8).

8. Platycladus
Thuja orientalis is a evergreen coniferous tree belongings to the family Cupressaceae, native to northwestern China.

The herbs has been used in traditional medicine in treating baldness and hair loss in East Asia.

T. orientalis extract, in the experiment of topically applied to the shaved dorsal skin of telogenic C57BL/6 N mice, induced an earlier anagen phase and prolonged the mature anagen phase, reduced earlier induction of β-catenin and Shh proteins in hair follicles.

These result indicated that Thuja orientalis may be beneficiary as a potential hair growth-promoting agent.(9).

9. Asiasari radix(Chinese wild ginger root)
Asiasari radix has been used in Asian traditionally medicine for treating hair loss in to stimulate hair growth.

In female C57BL/6 and C3H mice, topical application of Asiasari radix extract showed an effectiveness in promoting hair growth and increased protein synthesis in vibrissae follicle cultures and the proliferation of both HaCaT and human DP cells in vitro.(10)

10. Sophora flavescens
Sophora flavescens is a species of genus Sophora, belongings to family Fabaceae.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine for treatments of viral hepatitis, enteritis, cancer, viral myocarditis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage etc.

In the experiment of topical application of Sophora flavescens extract in C57BL/6 mice, researchers found that injection of the extract enhances on hair growth may be mediated through the regulation of growth factors in dermal papilla cells and inhibited the type II 5alpha-reductase activity(11).

11. Crinum asiaticum
Crinum asiaticum is a genus of Crimum, belongings to the family Amaryllidaceae, native to Jeju Island, Korea.

The herb has been used in herbal medicine for treatments of injury and inflamed joints, swellings, swollen joints, lumbago, pains and in cases of headache, fever, etc.

Topical application of the EtOH extract of C. asiaticum onto the back of C57BL/6, increased the proliferation of immortalized vibrissa dermal papilla cells, cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the bulb region and the hair-fiber lengths of vibrissa(12).

Norgalanthamine, a chemical constituent of Crinum asiaticum, also induced anagen progression of the hair shaft and increased the proliferation of immortalized vibrissa dermal papilla cells(16)

12. Ishige sinicola
Ishige sinicola is a genus of brown algae (class Phaeophyceae), belongings to the family Ishigeaceae native to native to Jeju Island, Korea.

Topical application of I. sinicola extract onto the back of C57BL/6 mice inhibited anagen progression of the hair shaft and activity of the activity of 5α-reductase and increased cell proliferation vibrissa dermal papilla cells (DPCs), downregulated p27kip1 in stopping or slowing down the cell division cycle(13).

13. Acenthopanax koreanum
Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai (Araliaceae), a well-known herbal medicine in Jeju Island, Korea, has been used as a tonic agent in treating stress-related states(14).

In the experiment of immortalized rat vibrissa dermal papilla cells treated with extract of A. koreanum leaves, showed an enhancement of the proliferation of dermal papilla cells, of the hair-fiber lengths of the vibrissa follicles by increasing the nuclear β-catenin level, and up-regulation of cyclin D1, cyclin E (regulating cell cycle progression) and CDK2(Cells decide at the end of mitosis to either start the next cell cycle and downregulation of the expression of p27(kip1)(Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) in the dermal papilla cells(15).

14. Schisandra nigra
Schisandra nigra, a plant native to Jeju Island, South Korea has been used in traditional medicine for liver protection and treatments of nervous, respiratory system.

Topical application of the EtOH extract of S. nigra onto the back of C57BL/6 mice nigra, exhibited the increased hair-fiber lengths of the vibrissa follicles, induced anagen progression of the hair shaft and increased both the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the bulb matrix region and the proliferation of immortalized vibrissa dermal papilla cells(17).

The enhancement of herbal medicine for treatments of hair loss, linking to inhibit anagen progression of the hair shaft and activity of 5α-reductase, increase proliferation vibrissa dermal papilla cells with little or no side effects has produced some promising results.

Some days, they may be considered as approval prominent treatments, in improving appearance and quality of life by reducing the psychological stress with affordable cost.

Once again, please consult with you doctor or related field specialist before applying,

STOP HAIR LOSS - PERMANENTLY, Fill in Bald Spots, Stop Thinning Hair And , Restore Receding Hair Lines, Naturally

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

References
(1) The extract of Thujae occidentalis semen inhibited 5alpha-reductase and androchronogenetic alopecia of B6CBAF1/j hybrid mouse by Park WS, Lee CH, Lee BG, Chang IS.(PubMed)
(2) Effect of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb on androgen-induced alopecia by Pandit S, Chauhan NS, Dixit VK.(PubMed)
(3) Effect of Citrullus colocynthis Schrad fruits on testosterone-induced alopecia by Dhanotia R, Chauhan NS, Saraf DK, Dixit VK.(PubMed)
(4) Hair growth promoting activity of Eclipta alba in male albino rats by Roy RK, Thakur M, Dixit VK.(PubMed)
(5) Combination of topical garlic gel and betamethasone valerate cream in the treatment of localized alopecia areata: a double-blind randomized controlled study by Hajheydari Z, Jamshidi M, Akbari J, Mohammadpour R.(PubMed)
(6) Onion juice (Allium cepa L.), a new topical treatment for alopeciaareata by Sharquie KE, Al-Obaidi HK.(PubMed)
(7) Promotion effect of constituents from the root of Polygonum multiflorumon hair growth by Sun YN, Cui L, Li W, Yan XT, Yang SY, Kang JI, Kang HK, Kim YH.(PubMed)
(8) Topical application of Polygonum multiflorum extract induces hairgrowth of resting hair follicles through upregulating Shh and β-catenin expression in C57BL/6 mice by Park HJ, Zhang N, Park DK.(PubMed)
(9) Hair growth-promoting activity of hot water extract of Thuja orientalis by Zhang NN, Park DK, Park HJ.(PubMed)
(10) The hair growth promoting effect of Asiasari radix extract and its molecular regulation. ho SS, Park SJ, Hwang SL, Lee MH, Kim CD, Lee IH, Chang SY, Rang MJ.(PubMed)
(11) The hair growth promoting effect of Sophora flavescens extract and its molecular regulation by Roh SS, Kim CD, Lee MH, Hwang SL, Rang MJ, Yoon YK.(PubMed)
(12) Promotion effect of norgalanthamine, a component of Crinum asiaticum, on hair growth by Kim SC, Kang JI, Kim MK, Hyun JH, Boo HJ, Park DB, Lee YJ, Yoo ES, Kim YH, Kim YH, Kang HK.(PubMed).
(13) The promoting effect of Ishige sinicola on hair growth by Kang JI, Kim EJ, Kim MK, Jeon YJ, Kang SM, Koh YS, Yoo ES, Kang HK.(PubMed)
(14) The effects of a standardized Acanthopanax koreanum extract on stress-induced behavioral alterations in mice by Jung JM, Park SJ, Lee YW, Lee HE, Hong SI, Lew JH, Hong E, Shim JS, Cheong JH, Ryu JH.(PubMed)
(15)Promotion effect of acankoreoside J, a lupane-triterpene in Acanthopanax koreanum, on hair growth by Kim SC, Kang JI, Park DB, Lee YK, Hyun JW, Koh YS, Yoo ES, Kim JA, Kim YH, Kang HK.(PubMed)
(16) Promotion effect of norgalanthamine, a component of Crinum asiaticum, on hair growth by Kim SC, Kang JI, Kim MK, Hyun JH, Boo HJ, Park DB, Lee YJ, Yoo ES, Kim YH, Kim YH, Kang HK.(PubMed)
(17) Promotion effect of Schisandra nigra on the growth of hair by Kang JI, Kim SC, Hyun JH, Kang JH, Park DB, Lee YJ, Yoo ES, Kang HK.(PubMed)

*The Fruits That Kill Breast Cancer Cells, Revealed By MEDLINE Studies


Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.


The prevalence of breast cancer has been acknowledged in the scientific community worldwide.

Breast cancer widespread in women in Southeast Asian as a result of over 2 decades of economic prosperity caused by unhealthy diet is a major concern.

The findings for effective treatments are ongoing with some successes, but to discover an effective prevention and treatment with little or no side effects has proven difficultly.

According to statistic, the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during life time of a women is 1/8.

Healthy diet with plenty vegetables and fruits(1)(2)(3) with change of life style(4)(5)(6) may be the only choice for women in reducing risk of the diseases.


1. Blueberry
Blueberry is a flower plant, belongings to the family Eriaceae, native to Northern America.

Triple-negative breast cancer TNBC, a cancer does not express the genes for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor(PR), and HER2(gene) affecting approximately 15% of all caner cases.

 Female MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing mice fed with high fat diet with 5% whole blueberry powder (BB), inhibited TNBC and TNBC-related metastasis by reducing inflammation via specific cytokine-driven pathways through immune response in reduced tumor growth and metastasis(40).

In 17β-estradiol-mediated mammary tumorigenesis, 5% blueberry diet, decreased tumor volume and multiplicity significantly, by down regulation of CYP 1A1(enzymes, able to activate compounds with carcinogenic properties) and ER-α (a receptor activated by the sex hormone estrogen)genes expression and also favorable modulation of microRNA (mir-18a and mir-34c) levels in gene regulation(41).

Other chemical constituents such as anthocyanin and anthocyanin-pyruvic acid adduct extract of blueberry restricted cancer cell proliferation by acting as cell anti invasive factors and chemoinhibitors(42).

2. Avocado
Avocados, the green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting  are a commercially valuable fruit cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world,  native to the Caribbean, Mexico, South America and Central America, belongings to the flowering plant family Lauraceous.

Avocado-produced toxin persin may contain a positive anti breast cancer effect(43).

Persin exerted an significant anti breast cancer effect in both estrogen receptor (ER) and ER-negative breast cancer cells(45).

Application of  persin in animal model, selectively induced  G2-M cell cycle arrest and cell death through caspase-dependent pathway(44).


3. Strawberry
Strawberries is a genius of Fragaria × ananassa belongings to the family Roseaceae, grown all over the world with suitable climate for commercial profits and for health benefits.

Methanolic extract of strawberry (MESB) fruits induced cytotoxicity in cancer cells, irrespective of origin, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, in the testing against leukaemia (CEM) and breast cancer (T47D) cell lines through induction of intrinsic pathway of apoptosis by activating p73 (a tumor suppressor) in breast cancer cells, when tumor suppressor gene p53 was mutated(46).

 Polyphenols, a major chemical component found in strawberry, exhibited cytotoxic with doses of approximately 50 microg/ml, inducing 50% reduction in cell survival in both the normal and the tumor lines, including (MCF-7) breast cancer cell lines(47).

In other study, freeze-dried fruits of two strawberry cultivars ethanol extract, strongly inhibited CaSki and SiHa cervical cancer cell lines and MCF-7 and T47-D breast cancer cell lines(48).

4. Pomegranate
Pomegranate is a fruit-bearing small tree, genus Punica, belongings to family Lythraceae, native to Iran, cultivated in Asian since ancient time.

Pomegranate extracts and genistein exerted anti cancer effect in inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells(MCF-7) in doses and time depending manner(49) by downregulated HR genes (a ubiquitous cellular pathway that mediates transfer of genetic information) and increased expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), miR-183 (predicted target RAD50) and miR-24 (regulation of gene expression)(50).

Pomegranate fruit extracts (PFEs), in dose-dependent inhibited NF-kB-dependent reporter gene responses associated with proliferation, invasion, and motility in aggressive breast cancer phenotypes while decreasing RhoC and RhoA protein expression as these genes are associated with tumor cell invasion and metastasis(51).

6. Grapes
Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound known as a good chemopreventive agent for inhibiting carcinogenesis processes that target the regulators of cell function and DNA replication, found abundantly in grapes, berries and peanuts are associated to reduced risk of breast caner.

HS-1793, a synthetic version of the compound of resveratrol induced G2/M(DNA damage checkpoint) arrest in the cell cycle progression through induction of p53(tumor suppressor gene)-dependent apoptosis in MCF-7 cells(52).

Catechin (RQC), a polyphenol, was effective in ameliorated mammary tumor growth and metastasis, by reduced Akt (multiple cellular process activity, induced the activation of AMPK(cellular energy)), and inhibited mTOR(mediate cellular responses) signaling in breast cancer cells(53).

In Her-2 breast cancer, fox grape seed extract increased the expression of Bax(an apoptosis promoter) and AIF(Apoptosis inducing factor), and decreased total PARP(cellular processes) expression, leading to significant downregulation of Her-2 in MCF-7 cells(54).

7. Pineapple
Pineapple is a species of Ananas Comos, belongings to the family Bromeliaceae and native to southern Brazil and Paraguay, cultivated for commercial uses.

Pineapple rich of vitamins and mineral and digesting enzyme bromelin seems to help digestion after a high protein meal.

 Persin exerted an significant anti breast cancer effect in both estrogen receptor (ER) and ER-negative breast cancer cells(45).

Bromelain, a major chemical constituent exerted  anti-metastasis against breast cancer by up regulating the function of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and migration and p38 kinase to cause programmed cell death(56).

In GI-101A breast cancer cells, bromelain induced cell death via activation of the apoptosis mechanism, in increased dose-dependent by promoting apoptosis and cytokine processing of caspase-9 and caspase-3 coinciding with elevation of serum CK18 levels(56).

In the brMDA-MB-231 mammary carcinoma, oral administration of bromelain increased the reduced bMAK- and MAK-cell activity in cell cycle regulation from 7.8% to 54% (bMAK-cell activity) and from 16% to 47% (MAK-cell activity by stimulating the deficient monocytic cellular cytotoxicity of mammary tumor(57).

8. Apple
Apple is the pomaceous fruit of the apple tree, a species of the rose family Rosaceae, originated in Central Asia.

In estrogen-dependent MCF-7 and estrogen-independent MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, apple phytochemical extracts significantly inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and cell cycle modulation(58).

In breast carcinoma Mcf-7 and Mcf-7:Her18 cells, peels of apple were effective in antiproliferation accompanied by a G0-G1 phase arrest in cell cycle through activated tumor suppressor protein that suppressed the regulation of cell invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis(59).

Study of apple extracts and quercetin 3-beta-d-glucoside combination, also showed to possess the synergistic effect in MCF-7 cell proliferation(60).

9. Orange
Orange is a species of Citrus Sinensis, belongings to the family Rutaceae and native to the Southeast Asia.

Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs), a chemical compound found in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) peel,  induced Ca(2+)-mediated apoptosis in human breast cancer cells through proapoptotic activity(61).

D-limonene, another compound in orange peel oil, in rodent studies, also exhibited chemotherapeutic activity against mammary cells, through the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, tumor redifferentiation, and/or suppression of key proteins of cell growth-regulating (62).


Taken Together, vegetables(7)(8) and fruits(9)(10) or their chemical compounds may process a huge effect in reduced risk, progression and treatment of the breast cancer  through induced apoptosis by blocking the energy sources of the pathways, influencing the signal pathways of cell proliferation or suppressing the promoted cancers genes.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, All right reserved)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
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(3) Premenopausal breast cancer risk and intake of vegetables, fruits, and related nutrients.
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(8) Breast cancer risk in premenopausal women is inversely associated with consumption of broccoli, a source of isothiocyanates, but is not modified by GST genotype by
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(10) Blackberry, black raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, red raspberry, and strawberry extracts inhibit growth and stimulate apoptosis of human cancer cells in vitro.by Seeram NP, Adams LS, Zhang Y, Lee R, Sand D, Scheuller HS, Heber D.(PubMed)(43) Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of analogues of avocado-produced toxin (+)-(R)-persin in human breast cancer cells by Brooke DG, Shelley EJ, Roberts CG, Denny WA, Sutherland RL, Butt AJ.(PubMed)
(44) A novel plant toxin, persin, with in vivo activity in the mammary gland, induces Bim-dependent apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by Butt AJ, Roberts CG, Seawright AA, Oelrichs PB, Macleod JK, Liaw TY, Kavallaris M, Somers-Edgar TJ, Lehrbach GM, Watts CK, Sutherland RL.(PubMed)
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(46) Extracts of strawberry fruits induce intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in breast cancer cells and inhibits tumor progression in mice by Somasagara RR, Hegde M, Chiruvella KK, Musini A, Choudhary B, Raghavan SC.(PubMed)
(47) Strawberry polyphenols are equally cytotoxic to tumourigenic and normal human breast and prostate cell lines by Weaver J, Briscoe T, Hou M, Goodman C, Kata S, Ross H, McDougall G, Stewart D, Riches A.(PubMed) (48) Anticarcinogenic Activity of Strawberry, Blueberry, and Raspberry Extracts to Breast and Cervical Cancer Cells, by Wedge DE, Meepagala KM, Magee JB, Smith SH, Huang G, Larcom LL.(PubMed)
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(51) Pomegranate fruit extract impairs invasion and motility in human breast cancer by Khan GN, Gorin MA, Rosenthal D, Pan Q, Bao LW, Wu ZF, Newman RA, Pawlus AD, Yang P, Lansky EP, Merajver SD.(PubMed)
(52) The effect of grapefruit intake on endogenous serum estrogen levels in postmenopausal women by Monroe KR, Stanczyk FZ, Besinque KH, Pike MC.(PubMed)
(53) HS-1793, a resveratrol analogue, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death in human breast cancer cells by Kim JA, Kim DH, Hossain MA, Kim MY, Sung B, Yoon JH, Suh H, Jeong TC, Chung HY, Kim ND.(PubMed)
(54) Grape polyphenols inhibit Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and potentiate the effects of gefitinib in breast cancer by Castillo-Pichardo L, Dharmawardhane SF.(PubMed)
(55) Suppression of oncoprotein Her-2 and DNA damage after treatment with Flavan-3- ol vitis labrusca extract by Scola G, Fernandes Correia Laurino CC, Menin E, Salvador M.(PubMed)
(56) Bromelain-induced apoptosis in GI-101A breast cancer cells by Dhandayuthapani S, Perez HD, Paroulek A, Chinnakkannu P, Kandalam U, Jaffe M, Rathinavelu A.(PubMed)
(57) Effects of oral bromelain administration on the impaired immunocytotoxicity of mononuclear cells from mammary tumor patients by Eckert K, Grabowska E, Stange R, Schneider U, Eschmann K, Maurer HR.(PubMed)
(58) Apple phytochemical extracts inhibit proliferation of estrogen-dependent and estrogen-independent human breast cancer cells through cell cycle modulation by Sun J, Liu RH.(PubMed)
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(61) Apoptosis-inducing activity of hydroxylated polymethoxyflavones and polymethoxyflavones from orange peel in human breast cancer cells by Sergeev IN, Ho CT, Li S, Colby J, Dushenkov S.(PubMed)
(62) Monoterpenes in breast cancer chemoprevention by Crowell PL.(PubMed)