Banana, the Potent Anti Diabetes Functional Food

By Kyle J. Norton

Unripe banana may be considered a functional for the prevention and treatment of diabetes, some scientists suggested.

Diabetes is a medical and condition characterized by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose as the results of either cell in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol.

In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system or immune 

system mistakenly attacks the cells which produce insulin, leading to insulin resistance.

The death of beta cells in the pancreas is triggered by massive overproduction of short strands of ribonucleic acid, known as microRNA (miR) 200. These result suggested that blocking miR-200 may guarantee the survival of beta cells, even ones under extreme stress.

In case of pancreas clogged up with fat accumulation, some researchers found that losing less than one gram of that fat through weight loss reverses diabetes.

Professor Taylor of Newcastle University said, “So if you ask how much weight you need to lose to make your diabetes go away, the answer is one gram! But that gram needs to be far from the pancreas. At present, the only way we have to achieve this is by calorie restriction by any means – whether by diet or an operation.

”In patients who had started with Type 2 diabetes, fat levels in the pancreas (pancreatic triglyceride) decreased by 1.2% over the 8 weeks. Very exact methods were needed to be able to measure this and a new method using a special MRI scan was developed. With an average pancreas for a person with Type 2 diabetes having a volume of 50 ml, this is the equivalent of around 0.6 grams of fat.

According to the study by ETH Zurich and the International Diabetes Foundation, there are over 380 million diabetics around the world. Approximately,  by the year 2030, over half a billion people will be suffering from type 2 diabetes. 

Banana is the common name of a genus of tropical herbaceous plants. It can grow from 3 to 9 m and belonging to the family of the lily and the orchid. 

In the study to reaffirming of the traditional use of banana for treatment of diabetes in India, researchers at the University College of Medical Sciences, Dilshad Garden launched an investigation to assess the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of the stem of the banana. In the experiment, diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin injection (45 mg/kg, i.p.). Diabetic rats were treated for 2 weeks with different doses of lyophilized stem juice of banana. (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) to select the most effective dose.

* The most effective dose of lyophilized stem juice of M. sapientum Linn (Banana) was 50 mg/kg.

* The four weeks treatment with this dose resulted in significant decreases in fasting and postprandial plasma glucose (FPG, PPG) levels.

* Serum insulin increased (P < 0.05) whereas HbA1c decreased (P < 0.05).

* Diabetes-induced changes to the lipid profile, muscle and liver glycogen, and enzyme activity (i.e. glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, and HMG-CoA reductase) were restored near to normal levels by the application of banana.

These results suggested that lyophilized stem juice of banana (M. sapientum Linn) exhibits antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects.

Furthermore, in the study to find out the mechanism of hypoglycemic effect by ethanol extract of banana pseudostem (EE) researchers suggested
* The ethanol extract of banana significantly inhibited mammalian intestinal α-glucosidases and yeast α-glucosidase.

* Oral administration (100-200 mg kg(-1) body weight) of EE significantly suppressed the maltose/glucose-induced postprandial plasma glucose elevation and wielded an antihyperglycaemic effect in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. 

Dr. Ramu R, the lead scientist said, "EE might exert an anti-diabetic effect by inhibition of α-glucosidases from the intestine, in turn suppressing the carbohydrate absorption into the bloodstream. Hence the results extend a foundation for the future prospects of the food-derived enzyme inhibitors in the treatment of diabetes".

Additionally, according to the Central Food Technological Research Institute, banana flower and pseudostem have a low glycemic index and have a high content of dietary fiber and antioxidants.

Application fo the flower and pseudostem showed to inhibit diabetic symptoms like hyperglycemia, polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, urine sugar, and body weight in the rat model.

Taken all together, unripe banana may be used as a functional food for the prevention and combined with primary therapy for treatment of diabetes in the human,  depending on the confirmation of further data collection from the large example size and multi-center studies.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of the stem of Musasapientum Linn. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Dikshit P1, Shukla K, Tyagi MK, Garg P, Gambhir JK, Shukla R.(PubMed)
(2) Investigation of antihyperglycaemic activity of banana (Musa sp. var. Nanjangud rasa bale) pseudostem in normal and diabetic rats by Ramu R1, Shirahatti PS, Zameer F, Nagendra Prasad MN. (PubMed).
(3) Beneficial effects of banana (Musa sp. var. elakki bale) flower and pseudostem on hyperglycemia and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Bhaskar JJ1, Shobha MS, Sambaiah K, Salimath PV. (PubMed)

(4) The life and death of beta cells by ETH Zurich

(5) Type 2 diabetes reversed by losing fat from pancreas by New Castle University