Phytochemical Piperine and diabetes

Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
Diabetes is defined as a condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose. It is either caused by cells in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.

The benefits
Administration of piperine isolated from the fruits of Piper nigrum crude extract diabestes induced in albino mice using alloxan, showed the crude extract exhibit its anti-diabetic  effect inducing a  significant blood glucose lowering at dose of 20 mg/kg on day 14. In other alloxan-induced diabetic models study, piperine (10 mg/kg) significantly increased the dose-dependent anti-hyperglycemic activity of nateglinide(a drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes), leading to synergistic anti-hyperglycemic activity of the diabetic medicine. In diabetes-induced oxidative stress in 30-day streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats, piperine treatment  (10 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally for 14 days) reversed the diabetic effects on oxidized glutathione concentration in brain, on renal glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, and on cardiac glutathione reductase activity and lipid peroxidation.



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Reference
(1) Evaluation of the effect of piperine per se on blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic mice by Atal S, Agrawal RP, Vyas S, Phadnis P, Rai N.(PubMed)
(2) Effect of piperine on antihyperglycemic activity and pharmacokinetic profile of nateglinide by Sama V, Nadipelli M, Yenumula P, Bommineni MR, Mullangi R.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of piperine on antioxidant pathways in tissues from normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Rauscher FM, Sanders RA, Watkins JB 3rd.(PubMed)