Whole Food Onion's Quercetin inhibits the Effect of Hypertension Against the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Overweight and Obese Individuals

By Kyle J. Norton

Hypertension is a condition of abnormally high blood pressure in the bloodstream. Hypertension a member of the cluster conditions of metabolic syndrome associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood.

According to the statistics provided by the American Heart Association, approximately, 103 million U.S. adults have high blood pressure, or 1 in 2 adults in the US have the syndrome.

Obesity is a medical and chronic condition caused by long-term excessive body fat accumulated. Overweight is a condition of excess body weight relative to height.

According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), people who have a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight and a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity.

The formula of the BMI indexBMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

According to the statistic, 68% of the American population is either overweight or obese. However,
in 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults, 18 years and older, were overweight, inclduing over 650 million were obese worldwide.

Bad eating habit, unhealthy lifestyle and certain medical conditions such as kidney disease, diabetes, and sleep apnea not only induce overweight and obesity but also increase the risk of high blood pressure.

Dr. Shu-Zhong Jiang, the lead scientist wrote, "The imbalance between energy intake and expenditure is the main cause of excessive overweight and obesity. Technically, obesity is defined as the abnormal accumulation of ≥20% of body fat, over the individual's ideal body weight".

And, "Excessive overweight remains among the most neglected public health issues worldwide, while obesity is associated with increased risks of disability, illness, and death. Cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of mortality worldwide, particularly hypertension and diabetes, are the main illnesses associated with obesity".

The results strongly suggested that obesity not only is associated with hypertension but also is the major contributor to the risk of other chronic diseases.

The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belonging to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic. It is often called the "king of vegetables" because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world's cultures. 

Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild or sweet.

On finding a potential compound for the inhibition of hypertension, researchers examined the effects of polyphenol quercetin in pre-hypertension and stage I hypertension in overweight and obesity individuals.

The double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over trial included 70 Subjects randomized to receive 162 mg/d quercetin from onion skin extract powder or placebo for 6-weeks separated by a 6-week washout period.

According to tested assays and compared to the baseline,
* Group treated with quercetin did not significantly show the effect on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) parameters and office BP in the hypertensives subgroup.

* However, quercetin decreased 24 h systolic BP by -3·6 mmHg (P=0·022) compared to placebo. 

* Furthermore, quercetin treatment significantly decreased day-time and night-time systolic BP in hypertensives without alternating vasoactive biomarkers such as endothelial function, parameters of oxidation, inflammation, lipid, and glucose metabolism in the total and hypertensive subgroup.

Based on the findings, researchers said, " supplementation with 162 mg/d quercetin from onion skin extract lowers ABP in patients with hypertension, suggesting a cardioprotective effect of quercetin".

In other words, supplementation with 162 mg/d quercetin from onion skin extract protects the heart against CVD by normalizing the blood pressure in hypertensive patients through unknown mechanisms.

Taken altogether, onion may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of liver alcoholic cytotoxicity pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effects of a quercetin-rich onion skin extract on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and endothelial function in overweight-to-obese patients with (pre-)hypertension: a randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled cross-over trial by Brüll V1, Burak C1, Stoffel-Wagner B2, Wolffram S3, Nickenig G4, Müller C4, Langguth P5, Alteheld B1, Fimmers R6, Naaf S7, Zimmermann BF7, Stehle P1, Egert S. (PubMed)
(2) Molecular mechanisms of the anti-obesity effect of bioactive ingredients in common spices: a review by Lu M, Cao Y , Xiao J, Song M, and Ho CT. (PubMed)
(3) Obesity and hypertension by Shu-Zhong Jiang, Wen Lu, Xue-Feng Zong, Hong-Yun Ruan, and Yi Liu. (PMC)