Herbal Ashwagandha Gobbles Up Lung Cancer Cells in Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

Cancer is a class of diseases caused by cells growth and multiplication disorderly and uncontrollably due to the alternation of the DNA.

After colonizing the entire tissues of the specific organ, the oversize tumor cell can travel a distance away from the originated site to invade other healthy tissues, via lymph or blood.

Most advanced stage of cancer may result in the death of the patients.

The lung is a vital organ located near the backbone on either side of the heart with major functions to inhale oxygen from the air to the bloodstream that nourishes the body cells and exhale carbon dioxide from the bloodstream.

Other functions of the lung are to maintain the right levels of pH, filter out blood clots, protect the heart against shock, infection, and speech.

Lung cancer is a condition of the abnormal growth of the cells in the lung's tissue. Most common form of primary lung cancers is derived from epithelial cells. 

According to the statistics provided by the American Lung Cancer Association, lung cancer is the leading cancer killer in both men and women in the U.S. in 2018, 154,050 Americans died from lung cancer in 2018, accounting for approximately 25 percent of all cancer deaths.

The exact causes of lung cancer are unknown. However, passive smoking, tobacco smoking are 2 of the most common risk factors were found in patients with the disease.

Other risk factors are 

* Exposure to certain chemicals

The risk of lung cancer for people who inhale or exposing certain industrial chemical such as radon gas, arsenic, chromium, nickel,..in the workplace is substantially higher compared to non-exposures.

* Family history
Risk of lung cancer increased if one of the members of the direct family has lung cancer.

* Lung disease
Risk of lung cancer increases if you have or previously had certain types of lung disease

* Excessive drinking
According to the study by Freudenheim et al., R. Curtis Ellison MD suggested that alcohol intake of more than 2 drinks per day is associated with a small increased risk of lung cancer.

Ashwagandha also is known as Withania somnifera is a nightshade plant in the genus of Withania, belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to the dry parts of India, North Africa, Middle East, and the Mediterranean.

The herbal medicine has been considered as Indian ginseng and used in Ayurvedic medicine over 3000 years to treat tumors and tubercular glands, carbuncles, memory loss, and ulcers and considered as anti-stress, cognition-facilitating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging herbal medicine.

With an aim to find a potent ingredient for the treatment of lung cancer, researchers examined the effects of Withaferin A (WA) a bioactive lactone, isolated from Withania somnifera on lung tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo.

According to the tested differentiation, WA entered a significant anti lung cancer cells activity by -mediating cytotoxicity involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression.

On NSCLC cell line A549 compared to non-carcinoma WI-38 and PBMC cell lines as controls, WA induced oxidative damage to NSCLC cells without affecting much of normal cells in a dose-dependent manner.

In a comparison of the anti lung cancer effect among a chlorinated steroidal lactone (27-acetoxy-4β,6α-dihydroxy-5β-chloro-1-oxowitha-2,24-dienolide), a diepoxy withanolide (5β,6β,14α,15α-diepoxy-4β,27-dihydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,24-dienolide), and withaferin A, researchers found that all 3 compounds exhibited growth inhibition and cytotoxic activity against human lung cancer cell line (NCI-H460).

Withaferin A was found to have a most effective activity at GI(50)=0.18 μg/mL and LC(50)=0.45 μg/mL) compared to other 2 chemical constituents.
 Taken altogether, Ashwagandha processed abundantly bioactive compounds may be considered a functional herb for the prevention and an adjunct therapy combined with the primary medicine for the treatment of lung cancer, pending to the results of large sample size and multicenter study.



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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Withaferin A induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells via generation of reactive oxygen species by Liu X1, Chen L, Liang T, Tian XD, Liu Y, Zhang T. (PubMed)
(2) Chlorinated and diepoxy withanolides from Withania somnifera and their cytotoxic effects against human lung cancer cell line by Choudhary MI1, Hussain S, Yousuf S, Dar A, Mudassar, Atta-ur-Rahman. (PubMed)