Whole Food Tomatoes Protect Your Stomach Against Gastric Cancer in Human Studies

By Kyle J. Norton

Gastric or stomach cancer is a chronic condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the tissues of the stomach caused by the alternation of cell DNA.

Most cases of gastric cancer start in the cell on the surface of the stomach inner lining before penetrating into the deeper layers.

At the early stage, patients with gastric cancer are asymptomatic. However, at the advanced stage, gastric cancer can induce symptoms of indigestion or heartburn,  stomach pain, discomfort in the abdomen particularly vomiting up solid food shortly after eating, change of bowel movement accompanied by the general symptoms shared by other types of cancer.

According to the statistic provided by the American Cancer Society, in 2019 approximately 27,510 cases of stomach cancer will be diagnosed (17,230 in men and 10,280 in women) and 11,140 people will die from gastric cancer (6,800 men and 4,340 women).

Believe it or not, most cases of gastric cancer in the US are found in older adults. The average age of people when they are diagnosed is 68.  

In other words, 6 of every 10 people diagnosed with stomach cancer each year are 65 or older.

Although there are many risk factors associated with gastric cancer including aging gender, ethnicity, medical condition such as lymphoma, smoking,... some researchers suggested that certain diet that has large amounts of smoked foods, salted fish and meat, and pickled vegetables may have a strong effect in gastric cancer developing.

Dr. L T Ngoan, the lead scientist said, "During 139 390 person-year of follow-up of over 13 000 subjects, 116 died from stomach cancer. Using a Cox proportional hazards–regression analysis of relative risk (RR, 95% CI) controlling for age, sex, smoking, and other dietary factors, a significant decline was found with high consumption of green and yellow vegetables (RR=0.4, 95% CI=0.2–0.9)"

And, "The risk was significantly increased by the high consumption of processed meat (RR=2.7, 95% CI=1.0-7.4) and by the frequent use of cooking oil (RR=4.0, 95% CI=1.3-11.8). The high consumption of pickled food and traditional soups also increased risk, but not significantly. The findings suggest that a diet high in salt and low in vitamins may be associated with an increase in stomach cancer"

Tomato is red, edible fruit, genus Solanum, belonging to family Solanaceae, native to South America. Because of its health benefits, the tomato is grown worldwide for the commercial purpose
and often in the greenhouse.

On finding potential and natural compound for the treatment of gastric cancer, researchers examined the possible association between tomato products consumption and gastric cancer.

The review of MEDLINE and EMBASE and contacted authors to identify potential studies published from January 1966 to June 2012 was conducted by the Shanghai Tenth Peoples' Hospital, Tongji University included a total of 21 eligible studies satisfied the guideline and criteria.

According to the results, the consumption of large amounts of tomato products compared to the highest and lowest consumption groups showed a significantly reduced the risk for gastric cancer.

The OR ratio of lycopene consumption and serum lycopene was 0.88 and 0.79, respectively.

Based on the finding, researchers said, "Consumption of large amounts of tomato products is associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer".

Furthermore, by examining the anticancer effect of Pectic-Oligosaccharide isolated from Sour Raw Tomato (SrTPOwith  its bioavailability and structure elucidated from purified fraction (SrTPO1), scientists at the CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute showed that administration of SrTPO1 inhibited galectin-3 activity with MIC of 0.25 ug/mL (100 fold better than standard galactose), inhibited the growth of AGS cells (IC50 3.4μg/mL) and induced apoptosis (70% inhibition at 30μg/mL concentration) without affecting the normal cells.

Where galectin-3 expression is associated with the promotion of tumor progression and metastasis.

Taken altogether, tomatoes processed a high amount of lycopene and Pectic-Oligosaccharide may be considered functional foods for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of lycopene in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The role of tomato products and lycopene in the prevention of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies by Yang T1, Yang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Song Z.(PubMed)
(2) Pectic Oligosaccharide from tomato exhibiting anticancer potential on a gastric cancer cell line: Structure-function relationship by Kapoor S1, Dharmesh SM. (PubMed)
(3) Dietary factors and stomach cancer mortality by L T Ngoan,1 T Mizoue,1 Y Fujino,1 N Tokui,1 and T Yoshimura. (PMC)