Phytochemical 3,3'-Diindolylmethane, May Be A Potent Anti Malignant Mesothelioma Bioactive Compound, Scientists Show

By Kyle J. Norton

The bioactive compound 3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM may process strong and positive effects against the risk and progression of mesothelioma, according to studies.

Mesothelioma is a medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the thin layer of tissue that covers the internal organs, due to cell DNA alternation.

However, according to the epidemiological studies, the most common area affected is the lining of the lungs and chest wall.

Most cases of mesothelioma start in the cell on the surface of the layered tissue. At the later stage, the cells of the larger size of the tumor can cause secondary tumors to develop in nearby organs and distant locations through the circulation of blood and fluids, leading secondary metastasis.

Most common symptoms of mesothelioma are persistent dry cough or wheezing, shortness of breath, pain in the chest or abdomen, fatigue and weakness.

In severe cases, patients may also experience symptoms of respiratory complications such as pleural effusion (fluid around the lungs).

If you experience some of the above symptoms, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

Most common causes of mesothelioma are due to long-term exposure to asbestos as the disease is found in 80% of the patients. However, suggested that genetic preposition may also be the prevalent risk factor of the disease.

Dr. Ombretta Melaiu, the lead scientist in the investigation of the genetic susceptibility in the development of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), wrote, "Among asbestos-exposed workers, several studies reported familial cases of MPM, suggesting that heredity could be important in the tumor development,.... the risk of developing MPM is increased of a limited extent among people exposed to asbestos with a positive history of familial cancers".

And, "In families and in animal models, mutations within BAP1 are strongly predisposing to develop MPM".

The results clearly suggested that if you carry the mutation gene BAP1, you are at a higher risk of MPM and other types of cancer.

3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM are phytochemicals derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, belonging to the group of Indoles, found abundantly in broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and kale, etc.

Scientists in the concern of the malignant mesothelioma (MM), a very aggressive, lethal cancer, and its incidence is increasing worldwide examined the dietary phytochemicals which may process the potential for the treatment of MM with no side effect.

The study included several bioactive ingredients such as curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, genistein, pterostilbene, resveratrol, capsaicin, ellagic acid, benzyl isothiocyanate, phenethyl isothiocyanate, sulforaphane, indole-3-carbinol, 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), diallyl disulfide, betulinic acid, and oleanolic acid.

DIM was found to process the anti-MM activity by boosting the function microRNA in the regulation of the genes activities.

Where MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs of ∼22nt in length involved in the regulation of gene expression against the incidence of cancer. Increased expression of microRNAs is associated with numerous types of cancer.

Overexpression of miR-132 in vivo was associated with the severity in cancer patients.

Injection of DIM exerted anti mesothelioma potentials, through the expression microRNA regulatory activities.was attributed to the suppression of macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

In other words, DIM modulated the immune response against the onset and progression of mesothelioma caused by the production of oxidative stress due to the overexpression of inflammatory cytokines in the initiation of the disease.

Dr. Sayeed MA the lead scientist wrote in the final report, "In addition to microRNA regulatory activities, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, genistein, resveratrol, phenethyl isothiocyanate, and sulforaphane have anti-mesothelioma potentials, and pterostilbene, capsaicin, ellagic acid, benzyl isothiocyanate, indole-3-carbinol, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, diallyl disulfide, betulinic acid, and oleanolic acid have potentials to inhibit cancer by regulating the expression of various genes which are also known to be aberrant in MM".

Taken altogether, DIM may be considered a supplement for the prevention and combined with primary therapy for the treatment of MM, pending to the confirmation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Regulation of microRNA using promising dietary phytochemicals: Possible preventive and treatment option of malignant mesothelioma by Sayeed MA1, Bracci M2, Lucarini G2, Lazzarini R2, Di Primio R2, Santarelli L. (PubMed)
(2) The genetic susceptibility in the development of malignant pleural mesothelioma by Ombretta Melaiu, Federica Gemignani, and Stefano Landi. (PMC)