Bioactive Compound 3,3'-Diindolylmethane Protects the Neurons Integrityand Viability Against Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis,

By Kyle J. Norton


Autoimmune encephalitis is a group of conditions caused by the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy brain cells.

Autoimmune encephalitis has been found to induce neurologic symptoms such as impaired memory and cognition, abnormal movements, seizures, and/or psychiatric symptoms such as aggression, inappropriate sexual behaviors, panic attacks.

Autoimmune encephalitis can be classified into
* Post-infectious encephalitis or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) are the conditions caused by an infection. In these cases, the immune system not only attacks the pathogens which cause infection it also destroys mistakenly the healthy cells in the brain.

Methylprednisolone is the first line of drug for the treatment of post-infectious encephalitis, if it failures, plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin may be used.

* Other forms of autoimmune encephalitis are caused by the specific antibodies in the blood produced by the immune system that attack the brain cells. 

According to the Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance, a number of options are available to treat AE, the first line option include including medication that decreases the inflammatory response to antibodies, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG); to increase removal of antibodies, inhibit binding of the harmful antibodies.

If the first line option failure, immune suppressive medicine may be used as a second line of treatment, including Rituximab, CellCept, and Cytoxan (Cyclophosphamide).

3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM are phytochemicals derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, belonging to the group of Indoles, found abundantly in broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and kale, etc.

With an aim to find a potential ingredient for the treatment of autoimmune encephalomyelitis, researchers evaluated the 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) effects on the regulation of activated T cells during the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

During the experiment, administration of DIM 10 days after EAE was effective in ameliorating disease parameters, including inflammation and central nervous system cellular infiltration.

According to the microRNA (miRNA) microarray analysis, post-treatment of DIM alter the expression of miRNA profile in brain infiltrating CD4(+) T cells, an indication of autoimmune dysfunction on EAE mice. 

Observed by the bioinformatics analysis, the efficacy of DIM-altered the miRNAs expression associated with pathways that halt cell cycle progression and promote apoptosis. 

Particularly, DIM impacted these cellular processes in activated T cells.

More precisely, DIM protected the brain against the immune dysfunction in attacking the brain cell in the forming of autoimmune encephalomyelitis, by activating and suppressing the micro genes- induced immune dysfunction of EAE.

Dr. the lead scientist, after taking into account co and confounders wrote, "these studies demonstrate that DIM post-treatment leads to the amelioration of EAE development by suppressing T-cell responses through the induction of select miRNAs that control cell cycle progression and mediate apoptosis".

Taken altogether, 3,3'-Diindolylmethane derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune encephalomyelitis, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of 3,3'-diindolylmethane in form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) 3,3'-diindolylmethane ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in activated T cells through microRNA signaling pathways by Rouse M1, Rao R1, Nagarkatti M1, Nagarkatti PS. (PubMed)
(2) Indoles mitigate the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by induction of reciprocal differentiation of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells by Rouse M1, Singh NP, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M. (PubMed)