The Bioactive Phytochemical Allyl isothiocyanate Which Stops Prostate Cancer Cells From Proliferating

By Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition

Phytochemicals may be next potential sources of new medications for the treatment of diseases with little or no side effects, some scientists suggested.

Phytochemicals, the natural chemical constituents formed the plants outer's color protect the plants against environmental threats like predator insects, pollution and disease.

Although they are important to sustain plants life, phytochemicals are truly non-essential nutrients.

Allyl isothiocyanate is phytochemical containing sulfur in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in cruciferous vegetables, horseradish, mustard, wasabi, etc.

Prostate cancer is a chronic and medical characterized by cells growth disorderly and irregularly in the prostate tissue. In most cases, change of DNA starts in the cells on prostate surface.

At the advanced stage, cancerous cells can travel a distance away from the original site to infect other healthy cells of the tissue and organs through fluid and blood circulation.

Most prostate cancers are slow growing. Enlarged prostate and prostate cancer may be detected during the physical (rectum) exams.

In an aim to reaffirm the effects of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), a constituent of cruciferous vegetables inhibiting survival of PC-3 and LNCaP human prostate cancer cells in culture, researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine launched an investigation to examine whether allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) administration retard growth of human prostate cancer xenografts in vivo.

Bolus i.p. injection of 10 micromol AITC, three times per week (Monday, Wednesday and Friday) to experimental human prostate cancer xenografts beginning the day of tumor cell implantation was carried out for 26 days.

At the final report of the study, researchers found that

* The application exerts a significant effect to inhibit the growth of PC-3 xenograft

* Mice treated with AITC shows a statistically significant increase in the number of apoptotic bodies, using the histological analysis of tumors excised at the termination of the experiment.

* AITC-treated mice induces approximately 70% reduction in the levels of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in the tumor lysate, compared with that of control mice, according to Western blot analysis.

After taking into account of other co and confounders, researchers wrote, " (AITC shows a) Statistically significant reduction in the expression of several proteins that regulate G2/M progression".

Furthermore, in cultured PC-3 (androgen-independent) and LNCaP (androgen-dependent) human prostate cancer cells, the injection of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), also significantly inhibits proliferation of all cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner with an IC(50) of approximately 15-17 micro M.

Moreover, researchers also discovered that survival of a normal prostate epithelial cell line (PrEC) was minimally affected by AITC even at concentrations that were highly cytotoxic to the prostate cancer cells and AITC reduces proliferation of PC-3 as well as LNCaP cells correlated with accumulation of cells in G(2)/M phase and induction of apoptosis. 

These results suggested that AITC, and possibly other ITCs, may find use in the treatment of human prostate cancers.

Taken altogether, phytochemical allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) found abundantly from the cruciferous vegetables, horseradish, mustard, wasabi may be considered as function supplement for treatment of prostate cancer, pending to the results of further large sample size and multi-center studies.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Allyl isothiocyanate, a constituent of cruciferous vegetables, inhibits growth of PC-3 human prostate cancer xenografts in vivo by Srivastava SK1, Xiao D, Lew KL, Hershberger P, Kokkinakis DM, Johnson CS, Trump DL, Singh SV. (PubMed)
(2) Allyl isothiocyanate, a constituent of cruciferous vegetables, inhibits proliferation of human prostate cancer cells by causing G2/M arrest and inducing apoptosis by Xiao D1, Srivastava SK, Lew KL, Zeng Y, Hershberger P, Johnson CS, Trump DL, Singh SV. (PubMed)