A systematic review of low-carbohydrate diets found that the weight loss
achieved is associated with the duration of the diet and restriction of
energy intake, but not with restriction of carbohydrates. Two groups
have reported longer-term randomised studies that compared instruction
in the low-carbohydrate diet with a low-fat calorie-reduced diet in
obese patients (N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 2082-90; Ann Intern Med 2004;
140: 778-85). Both trials showed better weight loss
on the low-carbohydrate diet after 6 months, but no difference after 12
months. The apparent paradox that ad-libitum intake of high-fat foods
produces weight loss
might be due to severe restriction of carbohydrate depleting glycogen
stores, leading to excretion of bound water, the ketogenic nature of the
diet being appetite suppressing, the high protein-content being highly
satiating and reducing spontaneous food intake, or limited food choices
leading to decreased energy intake. Long-term studies are needed to
measure changes in nutritional status and body composition during the
low-carbohydrate diet, and to assess fasting and postprandial
cardiovascular risk factors and adverse effects. Without that
information, low-carbohydrate diets cannot be recommended(1).
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(1) "Atkins and other low-carbohydrate diets: hoax or an effective tool for weight loss?" by Astrup A, Meinert Larsen T, Harper A.
Health Researcher and Article Writer. Expert in Health Benefits of Foods, Herbs, and Phytochemicals. Master in Mathematics & Nutrition and BA in World Literature and Literary criticism. All articles written by Kyle J. Norton are for information & education only.
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