Contraception -The Coil (Intra-Uterine Device)

The Coil (Intra-Uterine Device) is type of birth control by placing a device into uterus to prevent pregnancy. There are many types of copper devices and one type of hormonal device.

A. Copper-intra-uterine device (Copper-IUD) -Paragard
In US, Paragard is only 1 type of copper-IUD available. It work by negatively affecting the mobility of sperm and preventing them from joining with an egg by releasing a small amount of copper which acts as a spermicide. The amount of copper released is less than the average of a daily diet intake. Paragard T-380A is a copper-IUD produced by Duramed Pharmaceuticals, in the United States, consisting a T-shaped flexible device wound with copper wire, along with two monofilament threads, in case the device has to be removed.

1. How Paragard T-380A is inserted
The device is inserted by your doctor in his/her office. You must make sure that you are not within a week of your period and your doctor may take your urine to rule out the possibility of pregnancy. Before proceeding with the insertion, your doctor must examine the internal uterus by taking bimanual examination to accurately determine the position, consistency, size, and mobility of the uterus. If there is no any abnormality, a speculum is used to hold the vagina open with the use antiseptic solution to prevent any infection, then the length of uterus is measured by either an endometrial aspirator or uterine sound and the IUD is placed in to the position, indicated by the endometrial aspirator or uterine sound.

2. The advantages of Paragard T-380A
a. Protection against pregnancy with failure rate of less than 2%
b. Reduces the risk ectopic pregnancy
c. The cost is less than other contraceptive methods in the long run
d. It is effective and safe for sexual active women without the needs of taking pill in the same time every day
e. Without interfering due to interruption of hormones production
f. Reduces the risks of oral contraceptive pill
g. Reduces the risk of for uterine cancer
h. No interfering with breast-feeding
i. Improves a woman's sex life
j. Can be removed if necessary
k. Privacy.
l. Etc.

3. The disadvantage of Paragard T-380A
a. Abdominal cramping, pain or spotting after insertion.
b. Does not provide protection against sexually transmitted infections.
c. Increased the risk of longer menstrual spotting and heavy bleeding.
d. Insertion is done by doctor, cost may be a concern in the short term
e. Some women may allergic to copper
f. Some spotting between periods
g. Partially or completely slip out of the uterus.
h. Etc.

B. The Hormonal-intra-uterine device (Hornomal-IUD) - Mirena
Mirena (levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system) is a soft, flexible T-shape IUD which is placed into a woman uterus by her doctor to prevent any unwanted pregnancy for up to 5 years by releasing a small amounts of hormone which less than the amount of oral contraceptive pill.
1. How Mirena is inserted
See above

2. The advantages of Mirena
a. Protection against pregnancy is less than 1%
b. The cost is less than other contraceptive methods in the long run
c. It is effective and safe for sexual active women without the needs of taking pill in the same time every day
d. Protect against pregnancy as soon as it's been put in
e. Improves a woman's sex life
f. Can be removed if necessary
g. Privacy
h. All the benefit of oral contraceptive pill
i. Etc.

3. The disadvantages of Mirena
a. Abdominal cramping, pain or spotting after insertion.
b. Periods over time may become shorter, lighter or even stop.
c. Increased the risk of longer menstrual spotting and heavy bleeding.
d. Insertion is done by doctor, cost may be a concern in the short term
e. Some women may allergic to copper
f. Some spotting between periods
g. Partially or completely slip out of the uterus.
h. Development of ovarian cysts.
i. Etc.
Since it releases hormone after inserting, it contains the risks and side effects as of oral contraceptive pill.
a. Nervous tension such as depression, nervousness, headache, etc.
b. Abdominal pain due to over reacting of the abdominal muscles
c. Nausea
d. Acne
e. Breast pain or tenderness.
f. Vaginal inflammation or discharge.
g. Weight gain.
h. Decreased sex drive
i. Etc.

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