Cirrhosis Treatments In traditional Chinese medicine perspective

Cirrhosis is defined as a condition of irreversible scarring liver as a result of liver tissue by fibrosis due to final phase of chronic liver diseases of that can lead to poor function of the liver and liver failure. According to the statistics, Number of discharges with chronic liver disease or cirrhosis as the first-listed diagnosis: 101,000 in 2009 and Deaths per 100,000 population: 10.3 in 2010(a). Hepatitis B infection cause of the disease is very prevalent in South-East Asia.
Treatments In traditional Chinese medicine perspective
1. Yangyin Ruanjian decoction (HYRD)
In the study to  explore the anti-fibrotic effect of Haobie Yangyin Ruanjian decoction (HYRD) on CCl(4)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats and its modulation on the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta-Smad signaling pathway, by Tianjin Medical University, showed that HYRD can inhibit hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl(4) in rats, which is probably associated with its down-regulation on fibrogenic signal transduction of TGFbeta-Smad pathway(109).

2. JinSanE decoction
In the study to assess the effects of a Chinese herbal medicine, JinSanE decoction, on the TGF-beta1/Smads signal transduction pathway in a carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced hepatic fibrosis model in rats, conducted by the Wuhan University, indicated that compared with the hepatic fibrosis model group, the levels of TGF-beta1, TRII mRNA and Smad3 expression significantly decreased in the 2 treatment groups. The expression of Smad7 was significantly increased in the liver of the rats treated with JinSanE (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The histological changes of fibrotic liver were obviously improved in the treatment rats. The levels of liver HYP, serum liver function and HA were also remarkably improved in the treatment rats. Moreover, the effects of JinSanE occurred in a dose- and time-dependent manner in the process of the protection of liver injury and fibrosis. JinSanE decoction had a protective effect on liver injury and could ameliorate hepatic fibrosis in rats. The mechanisms might be associated with their effects of down-regulating TGF-beta1, TRII mRNA and Smad3, and up-regulating Smad7(110).

3. Kang'ai injection
In the study to investigate the inhibition role of Kang'ai injection (KAI) in rats with hepatic fibrosis, showed that Kang'ai injection could inhibit the formation of DEN-induced liver fibrosis(111).

4.  Danshaohuaxian
The study of  the effects of Danshaohuaxian (DSHX), a Chinese herbal recipe, on the apoptosis and cell cycles of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in rat hepatic fibrosis and its possible mechanisms, conducted by the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, indicated that DSHX capsule shows certain therapeutic effects on hepatic fibrosis in rats and inhibits abnormal deposition of COL(112)

5. Qianggan-Rongxian Decoction
Qianggan-Rongxian Decoction can inhibit hepatic fibrosis due to chronic liver injury, delay the development of cirrhosis, and notably ameliorate liver function. It may be used as a safe and effective thera-peutic drug for patients with fibrosis, according to the study by the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College.
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Sources
(a) http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/liverdis.htm
(109) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20333785
(110) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17163593
(111) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23234152
(112) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15641146
(113). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18567088