Hemorrhaging is also known as bleeding or abnormal bleeding as a
result of blood loss due to internal.external leaking from blood
vessels or through the skin.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is defined as a condition of the presence of blood within the subarachnoid space (the area between the brain and the thin tissues that cover the brain).
Causes and Rick factors
1. Causes
a. Bleeding from an arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
There is a report of nineteen additional cases of angiographic vasospasm after AVM
rupture are reported in the literature. The mean age of these patients
was 33 years; there was a 1.25:1 female to male predominance in this
group. One-half of these patients had an intraparenchymal hemorrhage, and only 56% of them had SAH(1).
b. Bleeding from a cerebral aneurysm
There is a report of a 59-year-old woman with type IIA von Willebrand's disease (VWD) presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Computed tomography showed SAH in the right sylvian fissure and intracranial hemorrhage in the right temporal lobe. Angiography demonstrated an aneurysm at the bifurcation of the right middle cerebral artery(2).
c. Coagulopathy
In the study carried out in an attempt to find out the association of coagulopathy and the development of delayed traumatic intracerebral hematoma (DTICH) in patients diagnosed with a traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (TSAH), found that on admission, peripheral blood samples for coagulation
studies were taken within 6 hours after injury. All patients had
subsequent CT scans performed within 24 hours of admission. Thirty
(47.6%) of 63 patients exhibited radiological evidence of DTICH on their
subsequent CT scans. There was a significant correlation between the
increased value of serum fibrinogen degradation product (FDP > 40
micrograms/ml) and the development of DTICH(3).
d. Head injury
In the study of Coagulopathy in severe traumatic brain injury: a
prospective study, found that the incidence of TBI coagulopathy in SHI
is high, especially in
penetrating injuries. Independent risk factors for coagulopathy in
isolated head injuries include GCS score of <or=8, ISS >or=16,
hypotension upon admission, cerebral edema, subarachnoid hemorrhage,
and midline shift. The development of TBI coagulopathy is associated
with longer ICU length of stay and an almost 10-fold increased risk of
death(4).
f. Use of blood thinners
There is a repory of a 45-year-old woman with prosthetic valves replacement, was admitted with
severe headache and vomiting one month after starting danazol treatment
at 300 mg per day. She was receiving long-term anticoagulation with warfarin
and dipyridamole, taking 3.5 mg and 300 mg per day respectively. The
patient's thrombotest value was less than 6% at the time of admission.
Cranial CT revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage(5).
g. Certain types of herb
If you are experience certain symptoms of Hemorrhaging, please consult
with your doctor before taking any blood thinning herbal medicine.
Moderate to severe adverse events, such as spinal epidural hematoma,
spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, retrobulbar hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage,
spontaneous hyphema, and postoperative bleeding, have occasionally been
anecdotally associated with consumption of dietary supplements(6).
h. Etc.
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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22381269
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16377951
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11260889
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19131806
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1886315
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22300597
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