Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors or serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs)
are a types of antidepressant medications to treat depression and certain neurological disorders, including obsessive-compulsive
disorder, panic disorder (PD), generalized anxiety
disorder, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and social anxiety
disorder (SAD), etc..
SSRI discontinuation syndrome is defined as a condition of a
syndrome as a result of interruption, reduced doses or discontinuation
of any anti depressant medication, including SSRI (selective serotonin
re-uptake inhibitor) and serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
(SNRI), researchers showed that The SSRI discontinuation syndrome is a characteristic selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) discontinuation syndrome
appears to exist. It is usually mild, commences within 1 week of
stopping treatment, resolves spontaneously within 3 weeks, and consists
of diverse physical and psychological symptoms, the commonest being
dizziness, nausea, lethargy and headache. SSRI reinstatement leads to resolution within 48 h(1).
I. Symptoms and signs
The use of medication duration is usually 1 month with symptoms
developing within a few days after SSRI interruption, cessation, or
reduction of dosage.
1. Dizziness
The abrupt withdrawal from an SSRI is likely to cause a sudden decrease in serotonin in the VNC, which will disrupt the function of VNC neurons bilaterally, causing dizziness without vertigo(2).
2. Sleep disturbance
The abrupt discontinuation of paroxetine
seemed associated with sudden and impairing effects, some patients may
experience sleep disturbances and dizziness(3)
3. AQgitation,
irritability, vertigo, lightheadedness and fever
There are a report that a 30-year-old man with depression who was treated with paroxetine (Seroxat) developed severe withdrawal symptoms
when the medication was gradually diminished and stopped: agitation,
irritability, vertigo, lightheadedness and fever up to 40 degrees C. The
symptoms disappeared after the medication was reintroduced but recurred after rediscontinuation(4).
4. Visual and auditory hallucinations, headache, insomnia, and nausea
Other report that Discontinuation symptoms can follow the stoppage of almost all classes of antidepressants can experience visual and auditory hallucinations in addition to dizziness, headache, insomnia, and nausea a couple of days after paroxetine discontinuation(5).
5. Balance, sensory abnormalities, and possibly aggressive and impulsive behavior
Other researchers found that the discontinuation of Selective serotonin
re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) also cause the symptoms of Selective
serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) such as nausea, lethargy, insomnia, and headache, are similar to those reported with tricyclic discontinuation. However, SSRI discontinuation
is also associated with novel symptom clusters, including problems with
balance, sensory abnormalities, and possibly aggressive and impulsive
behavior(6).
6. Sexual dysfunction
Some patients may also experience Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction
(PSSD) caused by the previous use of selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants. While apparently uncommon, it can last
for months, years, or sometimes indefinitely after the discontinuation
of SSRIs(7).
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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10958258
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20144124
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8602387
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10422558
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21489048
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9219489
(7) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-SSRI_sexual_dysfunction
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