Neutropenia is defined as a condition of abnormally low number of neutrophils, as a result of granulocyte disorder of that leads to Immunodeficiency with lower than normal circulating white blood cells. Patients with neutropenia are susceptible to bacterial infections causes of neutropenic sepsis.
Neutropenia is either
problems in the production of the cells by the bone marrow and
destruction of the cells from somewhere else in the body, if neutrophil
count falls below 1,000 cells per microliter of blood.
Neutropenia can be classified into acute and chronic types, depending to the duration of the illness. Some researchers divided severity of the disease, depending to the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and is described as follows(a).
1. Mild neutropenia, when the ANC falls below a lower limit of 1500 per mm3 (1.5 x 109 /1), but remains higher than 1000 per mm3 (1.0 x 109 /1).
2. Moderate neutropenia, when the ANC falls between 500 per mm3 and 1000 per mm3 (0.5 x 109 /1 - 1.0 x 109 /1)
3. Severe neutropenia, when the ANC falls below 500 per mm3 (0.5 x 109 /1)
Treatments
In Herbal medicine perspective
1. Glycyrrhizin
Glycyrrhizin is a ingredient found in liquorice (alt. licorice) rootIn the study to evaluate effect of glycyrrhizin on immunity function in allergic rhinitis (AR) mice, found that glycyrrhizin can improve immunity function in AR mice, suggesting a potential drug for the prevention and therapy of AR(67).
2. Bayberry bark extract, tea
Myricetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid that is found in many fruits, vegetables, teas and medicinal herbs, including Bayberry
bark. In the study to evaluate the potential for myricetin to modulate
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated activation of mouse bone marrow-derived DCs, showed that treatment with myricetin up to 10 µg mL(-1) does not cause cytotoxicity
in cells. Myricetin significantly decreased the secretion of tumour
necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-12p70 by LPS-stimulated
DCs. The expression of LPS-induced major histocompatibility class II,
CD40 and CD86 on DCs was also inhibited by myricetin, and the endocytic
and migratory capacity of LPS-stimulated DCs was blocked by myricentin.
In addition, LPS-stimulated DC-elicited allogeneic T-cell proliferation
was reduced by myricetin. Moreover, our results confirmed that myricetin
attenuates the responses of LPS-stimulated activation of DCs via
suppression of IκB kinase/nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated
protein kinase-dependent pathways(68).
3. Rabdosia rubescens
According to the study of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of
Medicine, oridonin induced apoptosis of t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemic
(AML)
cells. Intriguingly, the t(8;21) product AML1-ETO (AE) fusion protein,
which plays a critical role in leukemogenesis, The ectopic expression
of AE enhanced the apoptotic effect of oridonin in U937 cells.
Preincubation with caspase inhibitors blocked oridonin-triggered
cleavage of AE, while substitution of Ala for Asp at residues 188 in ETO
moiety of the fusion abrogated AE degradation. Furthermore, oridonin
prolonged lifespan of C57 mice bearing truncated AE-expressing leukemic
cells without suppression of bone marrow
or reduction of body weight of animals, and exerted synergic effects
while combined with cytosine arabinoside. Oridonin also inhibited tumor
growth in nude mice inoculated with t(8;21)-harboring Kasumi-1 cells(68a).
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Sources
(a) http://www.neutropenia.ca/about/what-is-neutropenia
(67) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22241467
(68) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22689051
(69a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17197433
Health Researcher and Article Writer. Expert in Health Benefits of Foods, Herbs, and Phytochemicals. Master in Mathematics & Nutrition and BA in World Literature and Literary criticism. All articles written by Kyle J. Norton are for information & education only.
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