Hydrocephalus, also known as "water in the brain" is defined as
complex and multifactorial neurological disorders of accumulation of
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the cavity of brain of that can lead to
intracranial pressure inside the side, resulting of brain trauma, stroke, infection, tumor, etc.
Preventions
Other than structures abnormalities caused by genetic defects,
accidence, etc., most acquired hydrocephalus can be prevented by
enhancing the immune system in fighting against forming of free radicals
causes of irregular cells growth and foreign invasion such virus and
bacteria and reduce the risk of diseases cause of Hydrocephalus, such as
dementia.
Antioxidants to prevent Hydrocephalus(60)
D.1. Antioxidant enzymes
Antioxidant enzymes are chemical substances found in plants that can
protect the body from damage of free radicals by terminating the chain
reactions by removing free radical intermediates and inhibiting other
oxidation reactions.
1. Catalase
Catalase is an enzyme, found in
most living organisms that are exposed to oxygen helped to converse
hydrogen peroxide (free radicals) to water and oxygen as a rate of 40
million molecules of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen each second,
using either an iron or manganese cofactor.
2. Glutathione peroxidase
The
function of glutathione peroxidase is to protect the organism from
oxidative damage by reducing lipid hydroperoxides, an oxidation of lipid
cell membranes which can easily break and form free radicals of the form RO and converting free hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water.
3. Glutathione reductase
Glutathione
reductase, an enzyme reduces pair of sulfur atoms glutathione to the a
organosulfur compound form of antioxidant (consisting of three amino acids joined by peptide bonds) which helps to prevent damage of important cellular components caused by free radicals and peroxides.
4. Super oxide dismutase (both Cu-Zn and Mn)
Super
oxide dismutase is an important antioxidant defense in nearly all
cells exposed to oxygen by converting superoxide into oxygen and
hydrogen peroxide depending on the metal cofactor such as both Cu-Zn
and Mn.
D.2. Metals binding proteins
1. Ceruloplasmin
Ceruloplasmin, the major copper-carrying protein in the blood plays a role in iron metabolism. It prevents the oxidation that leads to the forming of oxidation from Fe2+ (ferrous iron) into Fe3+
(ferric iron) by exhibiting a copper-dependent oxidase activity,
causing mutations in the ceruloplasmin gene cause of iron overload in
the brain, liver, pancreas, and retina.
2. Ferritin
Ferritin,
the protein produced by almost all living organisms, acts as a
component to fight against iron deficiency and iron overload, keep in a
soluble and non-toxic form and transport it to the body needs,
including organs. It enhances the immune system in the presence of an
infection or cancer and prevent the infectious agent attempts to bind
iron to become free radicals by migrating from the plasma to within
cells.
3. Lactoferrin
Lactoferrin,
a multifunctional protein of the transferrin family, is one of the
components of the immune system of the body by fighting against foreign
invasion of bacteria and virus and lipid oxidation by inhibiting
oxidation in a concentration-dependent manner even at concentrations
beyond its capacity.
4. Metallotheinein
Metallotheinein, a family of cysteine-rich, low molecular weight proteins helps to bind both physiological heavy metals through the organosulfur compound of
its cysteine residues. It also captures harmful superoxide and
hydroxyl radicals by liberating the metal ions which were bound to
cysteine.
5. Transferrin
Transferrin
is a glycoprotein that binds iron very tightly but reversibly. It
enhance the immune system in fighting against infection, inflammation by
creating an environment low in free iron that impedes bacteria
survival and cell oxidation.
6. Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin
is the protein molecule in red blood cells that enhances the carrying
of oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and return CO2 from the tissues to the lungs.
During oxidate stress, the cell membrane is protected by intraerythrocytic hemoglobin from the forming of free radical.
7. Myoglobin
Myoglobin
is an iron- and oxygen-binding protein found in the muscle tissue of
vertebrates. The binding of oxygen by myoglobin is unaffected by the
oxidation or chain of oxidative reaction in the surrounding tissue, thus
reducing the free radicals damage caused by oxidate stress.
8. Etc.Chinese Secrets To Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal
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