Wednesday 4 December 2013

Diverticulitis: The Symptoms

Diverticulitis is defined as a condition of inflammation of the small, bulging sacs or pouches of the inner lining of the intestine that bulge outward through weak spots as a result of small pieces of stool (feces) trapped in these pouches. In most cases, the disease is found in the large intestine (colon). According to the statistic, approximately, About 10 percent of Americans older than 40 have diverticulosis.
In the examination of the data fom January 2004 to June 2005 of 796 consecutive patients referred for total colonoscopy to 17 physicians included age, gender, presence and localization of diverticula. This population was compared with a cohort of 133 consecutive patients who were admitted for colonic diverticular bleeding, showed that the prevalence of colonic diverticula increased from less than 10% in adults under 40 to about 75% in those over 75 years. Of these patients, nearly one third presented with right-sided involvement(1).
II. Symptoms
Most people with diverticulitis are experience no symptoms, but in some bloating and cramping in the lower part of the belly. Although, it is rarely, but some may notice blood in their stool or on toilet paper, as right-sided localization was associated with a significant risk of bleeding independent of the patients’ age, accordingto the study by University Hospital, Grenoble, France(1).
1. Tenderness
Symptom of tenderness in some cases is resemble to acute appendicitis. According to the study by the Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Department of Radiology, there is a report of 2 case of right-sided diverticulitis that presented with marked right iliac fossa tenderness with guarding and rebound and laboratory parameters resembling acute appendicitis. The imaging findings suggested diverticulitis in both cases(6).
2. Abdominal discomfort, bloating, and altered bowel habit
Patients with diverticular disease may experience a variety of chronic symptoms, including abdominal discomfort, bloating, and altered bowel habit, according to the McMaster University(7).
3. Abdominal pain, fever and chills, melena, vomiting
In the study to determine the management guidelines for symptomatic duodenal diverticulum, by reviewing medical records of 26 patients.with the Complicated duodenal diverticulum was the only possible cause of symptoms-abdominal pain, fever and chills, melena, vomiting-in 18 patients(8).
4. Painful constipation, painful abdominal distension, abdominal cramps, and frequent painful diarrhea
Others after elective sigmoid resection for diverticulitis, according to the study by University of Bern, the persistent symptoms, including painful constipation, painful abdominal distension, abdominal cramps, and frequent painful diarrhea((9).
5. Processed foods
Other in the study of suggested that factors previously uncommon in the area may now be operating to cause the disease in the population, and the highly processed food products of the supermarkets may be an important contributor to the development of this new disease entity(10).
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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23350931
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22855407
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21091992/
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7571671
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18449609
(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1377244

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