Cirrhosis - Treatment of the complications of cirrhosis - Edema

Cirrhosis is defined as a condition of irreversible scarring liver as a result of liver tissue by fibrosis due to final phase of chronic liver diseases of that can lead to poor function of the liver and liver failure. According to the statistics, Number of discharges with chronic liver disease or cirrhosis as the first-listed diagnosis: 101,000 in 2009 and Deaths per 100,000 population: 10.3 in 2010(a). Hepatitis B infection cause of the disease is very prevalent in South-East Asia.

Treatment of the complications of cirrhosis
A.2.1. Edema
A.2.1.1. In conventional medicine perspective
Diuretic is a type of medication used to elevates the rate of urination to reduce swelling as a result of fluid retention, including
1. High ceiling loop diuretic
2 Thiazides
3 Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
4 Potassium-sparing diuretics
5 Calcium-sparing diuretics
6 Osmotic diuretics
7.  Low ceiling diuretics
Side effects are not limit to increased thirst, Irregular menstruation, High blood sugar levels, blood sodium levels, Abnormal heart rhythm, Weakness, Extreme tiredness / Fatigue, Dizziness, Light headedness, Skin rash, Loss of appetite, etc.

A.2.1.2. In herbal medicine perspective
In the study to review these studies and identify which extracts promote diuresis (which we assessed on terms of urine excreted and urinary sodium excretion) and also to identify the research needs in this area, found that a number of species and genuses reporting diuretic effects. Of these, the most promising, at the present time, are the species Foeniculum vulgare, Fraxinus excelsior, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Petroselinum sativum and Spergularia purpurea, and species from the genuses Cucumis (Cucumis melo and Cucumis trigonus), Equisetum (Equisetum bogotense, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum giganteum, Equisetum hiemale var. affine and Equisetum myriochaetum), Lepidium (Lepidium latifolium and Lepidium sativum), Phyllanthus (Phyllanthus amarus, Phyllanthus corcovadensis and Phyllanthus sellowianus) and Sambucus (Sambucus mexicana and Sambucus nigra)(87).


A.2.1.3. In traditional Chinese medicine perspective
In a clinical trial to evaluate the method of removing Heat and eliminating Dampness (RHED) with febrifugal and diuretic medicinal herbs in treating chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) patients, found that
CGN patient's serum levels of lipid peroxide (LPO) increased, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and trace elements such as Zn, Cu, Se dropped down. After treatment with RHED the activity of LPO, SOD, catalase (CAT) revealed significant improvement. Serum levels of Zn, Cu, Se increased(88).

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Sources
(a) http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/liverdis.htm 
(87) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17804183
(88) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8111197