Herbal Cleaver(Galium aparine) Protects the Bone Density

By Kyle J. Norton

Bone health is measured by bone mineral density which has a direct influence on the risk of osteoporosis and fractures.

There are numbers of bone diseases, including include osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia, osteogenesis imperfecta, marble bone disease (osteopetrosis), Paget disease of bone, and fibrous dysplasia.

And osteoporosis is the most frequent occurrence in the aging population.

Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by the inability of the body to produce bone to make up bone loss, leading the loss of bone density over a long period of time.

People with low bone density are susceptible to fracture, break from a fall due to bone weakening.

The exact causes of osteoporosis are unknown. However, researchers do know that certain preventable risk factors such as smoking, low calcium intake, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption and unpreventable risk factors such as aging, family history, genders, race, body frame size,... and sedentary works are associated to increase the onset of the disease.

It is a widespread degenerative disease of skeletal joints and often associated with senescence invertebrates due to excessive or abnormal mechanical loading of weight-bearing joints, arising from heavy long-term use or specific injuries.

If you experience symptoms of lower back pain, loss of height over time, a stooped posture, easy bone fracture, neck and back pain,..., you may have osteoporosis. 

Truly, bone diseases affected normal growth and development can lead to weakness and/or deformity. 

The causes of bone diseases may be associated with genetic abnormalities, nutritional deficiencies, hormonal disorders, infections, cancers..... and other conditions.

According to the general belief and the recommendation of health researchers, good diet and physical exercise may play an important role in skeletal mass at the end of adolescence and these bone mass remain as the conservation of it during adult life(1).

Attending normal exercise and intake of bone enhancing food at young adult life may protect ourselves against the risk of bone diseases as we age.

Cleaver is a herbaceous annual plant, genus Galium, belonging to the family Rubiaceae, native to North America and Eurasia. The herb has been used over thousands of years in herbal and traditional medicine as mild diuretic and blood and lymphatic cleanser and to treat psoriasis, skin conditions, glands, tonsillitis, bladder infections, prevent small kidney stone, etc.

On finding a potential compound for the treatment of diseases associated with the loss of bone
density, researchers investigated hot component p-hydroxycinnamic acid (HCA) found abundantly in herbal cleaver effect on bone formation and an inhibitory effect on bone resorption in rat femoral tissues in vitro.

The study included diabetes rats induced bone loss by a single subcutaneous administration of STZ (6.0 mg/100 g body weight), following by orally administered HCA (0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/100 g body weight) once daily for 14 days.

Before treatment with HCA, STZ administration showed a significant decrease in body weight and parameters associated with diabetes, including the increase in serum glucose, triglyceride, and calcium levels.

However, the alterations were significantly prevented by the administration of HCA (0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/100 g).

Furthermore, bone density loss was also found in the STZ-diabetic rats observed by the significantly lower calcium content in the femoral-diaphyseal and -metaphyseal tissues which were also prevented after administration of HCA (0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/100 g).

Moreover, the decline of the levels of Alkaline phosphatase activity associated with bone formation in the diaphyseal and metaphyseal tissues in STZ-diabetic rats was significantly prevented after the administration of HCA (0.5 and 1.0 mg/l00 g).

Additionally, administration of HCA (0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/100 g) caused a significant increase in DNA content in the diaphyseal and metaphyseal tissues that were significantly decreased in STZ-diabetic rats.

Based on the findings, researchers said, " the intake of HCA has preventive effects on bone loss in STZ-diabetic rats, and that the intake has partially restorative effects on serum biochemical findings in the diabetic state".

Taken altogether, herbal cleaver processed a high amount of HCA  may be considered an anti bone loss remedy, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Oral administration of phytocomponent p-hydroxycinnamic acid has a preventive effect on bone loss in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Yamaguchi M1, Uchiyama S, Lai YL. (PubMed)