Tuesday 10 December 2019

Herbal Ashwagandha Exerts Cytotoxicity Against Melanoma in Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

Cytotoxicity is the process to cause cell death through toxins.

In other words, cell cytotoxicity is the process to use certain chemicals or mediator cells to destroy living cells.

In normal, cytotoxicity can cause the death of healthy cells.

Most cases of cytotoxicity of a substance are to determine the potential toxicity of the quality of the substance, including plant extracts or biologically active compounds isolated from plants.

In other words, the aim of the cytotoxic studies is to find the minimal quality that is essential for the successful development of pharmaceutical or cosmetic preparation that induces cellular toxicity for the treatment of cancer.

For example, cytotoxicity induced by oxidative stress due to the imbalanced ratio of free radicals and antioxidant enzymes produced by the body can cause protein, lipid and cellular damage that leads to chronic low-grade inflammatory diseases and cancer.

However, stimulation of ROS and antioxidants production to induce cytotoxicity to the tumors can also cause cancer cell death without damage to nearby healthy cells.

Cancer is a group of medical and chronic diseases characterized by cell growth disorderly and uncontrollably in the tissue of specific organs in the body.

Over time, the alternative cells induced tumor may become progressively worse and damage other healthy tissues, depending on the grade of the tumor.

At the later stage, the most invasive tumor can induce secondary metastasis by spreading to other organs in the body via lymph or blood.

According to the National Cancer Institute, approximately 38.4% of men and women will be diagnosed with cancer at some points during their lifetimes, according to the data from 2013–2015.
In cancers, cytotoxicity can be benefits to humans by destroying the cancer cells and prevent them from proliferation.

Melanoma is a kind of skin cancer but less common to other skin cancer as a result of malignancy of melanocytes, which is the cell produced dark pigment for your skin. 

Approximate 120,000 new cases of melanoma in the US are diagnosed in a year. melanoma tends to spread along the skin in most of the cases, but also can grow down to the deeper layers of the skin.

Ashwagandha also is known as Withania somnifera is a nightshade plant in the genus of Withania, belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to the dry parts of India, North Africa, Middle East, and the Mediterranean.

The herbal medicine has been considered as Indian ginseng and used in Ayurvedic medicine over 3000 years to treat tumors and tubercular glands, carbuncles, memory loss, and ulcers and considered as anti-stress, cognition-facilitating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging herbal medicine.

On finding a potent compound that processes anti-cancer activity, researchers examined the cytotoxic effect of Withania root extract on human malignant melanoma A375 cells.

The structured changes also were observed in the A375 cells treated groups compared to untreated or vehicle-treated control.

Treatment of Withania root extract also induces A375 cells apoptosis, according to the ladder of fragmented DNA in treated cells.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "might be said that the crude water extract of Withania somnifera has a potent cytotoxic effect on human malignant melanoma A375 cells".

Taken altogether, Ashwagandha may be considered a cytotoxic herb for the treatment of melanoma, pending to the result of larger sample size and multicenter study

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Withania somnifera Root Extract Has Potent Cytotoxic Effect against Human Malignant Melanoma Cells by Babli Halder, Shruti Singh, and Suman S. Thakur. (PMC)

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