Phytochemical Sulforaphane (Dithiolthiones) Inhibits the Onset of Prostate cancer

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a bioactive compound which processes a potential for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, with no side effects, according to studies.

Prostate cancer is a chronic condition characterized by abnormal cell growth in the tissue of the prostate gland. It is a slow growth disease which takes years to develop and prostate cancer may be detected during the physical (rectum) exams.

The cause of prostate cancer is a result of the alternation of DNA of the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the prostate. Researchers do not know what causes the change of cell DNA and they can not explain why people with the same health conditions, ethnicity and family history, some are susceptible to the disease onset while others do not.

However, researchers do know that the increase in age, especially after age 50, as more than 80% of prostate cancers diagnosed in men who are 65 or older, is one of the major factors associated with the disease.

Other risk factors of prostate cancer include high fat, high processed carbohydrate diet, and lifestyle. And, men who are overweight or obese are at greater risk of ultimately developing an aggressive form of prostate cancer.

However, most people with some of the risk factors have never developed prostate cancer. Some researchers suggested that men who have a history of an enlarged prostate may be at the increased risk of prostate cancer.

Dr. Saiful Miah, the lead scientist in the examining the risk of developing prostate cancer of men suffering BPH wrote "BPH and PCa can be linked together at a molecular and cellular level on genetic, hormonal, and inflammatory platforms suggesting that these prostatic diseases have common pathophysiological driving factors. Epidemiological studies are weighted towards the presence of BPH having a greater risk for a man to develop PCa in his lifetime".

Most common symptoms of late stage of prostate cancer include, burning sensation or painful urination,  difficulty urinating, or trouble starting and stopping while urinating, more frequent urges to urinate at night, decreased the flow of urine stream, particularly, blood in urine (hematuria) if the tumor break the nearby blood vessel, loss of bladder control if the tumor has affected the bladder tissue and localized pain, if the tumor has pressed on the nearby nerve cells.

If you have some of the above symptoms, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility of prostate cancer.

Dithiolthiones are phytochemicals in the class of Organosulfides, found abundantly in cruciferous vegetables, garden sorrel, horseradish, etc.

On finding a natural compound or whole food for the treatment of prostate cancer, researchers in the cancer team at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and School of Medicine investigated the anti-prostate cancer effect of sulforaphane (SFN).

Injection of sulforaphane (SFN) showed to decrease the incidence or burden of early-stage prostate cancer. In other words, the chemical compound protected the prostate gland against cell alternation to initiate the disease onset.

SFN treatment exerted a cytoprotective autophagy in cultured human prostate cancer cells.  A used combination with chloroquine (CQ), the compound reduced the weight of the prostate compared to control. The average size of the metastatic lymph node was also lower by about 42% in the SFN + CQ group than in control.

Interestingly, the SFN + CQ combination was not superior to SFN alone. Furthermore, the SFN + CQ combination injection not only showed prevention of prostate cancer and metastasis but also decreased cell proliferation, increased apoptosis and cancer cell degradation.

In advanced androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC) represented by the DU145 and PC3 cell lines, compared the effect of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and sulforaphane (SFN), researchers showed that sulforaphane exerted similar effect on apoptosis-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) properties compared to TRAIL, though the agents acted synergistically when applied in combination.

In vivo, tumor engraftment and tumor growth were strongly inhibited by sulforaphane (SFN),, without inducing any side effects.

In the comparison of the effect of sulforaphane(SFN) and 3,3'-diindolylmethane(DIM) in normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells, researchers at the Oregon State University found that SFN and DIM reverse many of the cancer-associated methylation alterations, including aberrantly methylated genes that are dysregulated or highly involved in cancer progression.

Taken altogether, sulforaphane(SFN) use alone may be considered a bioactive ingredient for the prevention and combined with the primary therapy for treatment of prostate cancer.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Chemoprevention of prostate cancer by d,l-sulforaphane is augmented by pharmacological inhibition of autophagy by Vyas AR1, Hahm ER, Arlotti JA, Watkins S, Stolz DB, Desai D, Amin S, Singh SV.(PubMed)
(2) Sulforaphane and TRAIL induce a synergistic elimination of advanced prostate cancer stem-like cells by Labsch S, Liu L, Bauer N, Zhang Y, Aleksandrowicz E, Gladkich J, Schönsiegel F, Herr I.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of sulforaphane and 3,3'-diindolylmethane on genome-wide promoter methylation in normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells by Wong CP1, Hsu A1, Buchanan A2, Palomera-Sanchez Z1, Beaver LM1, Houseman EA2, Williams DE3, Dashwood RH3, Ho E4.(PubMed)
(4) BPH and prostate cancer risk by Saiful Miah and James Catto. (PMC)