Bromelain Inhibits the Risk of Skin Cancer In Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

Skin cancer is a medical condition caused by irregular cell growth in the skin tissues, due to the alternation of cell DNA.

Most cases of skin cancer in the US are associated with prolong-period of sun exposure. In other words, UV rays that damage the skin have been the main culprit that causes the onset of skin cancer.

Believe it or not, according to the statistics, skin cancer is the most common cancer in the US. one in five Americans will develop skin cancer in their lifetime.

Every day, approximately 9,500 people in the U.S. are diagnosed with skin cancer due to a misunderstanding of the health benefits and risk of sun and tanning exposure.

Most common symptoms at the early stage, are a large brownish spot with darker speckles, a mole that changes in color, size or feel or that bleeds, a small lesion with an irregular border and portions that appear red, pink, white, blue or blue-black.

There are 3 major types of skin cancer, including

*  Basal cell cancer
It is the most common type of skin cancer associated with the abnormal growth of the cells in the lowest layer of the epidermis. Cancer rarely spread and kill but can cause significant destruction and disfigurement to the affected skin area, accounting for more than 90% of all skin cancer in the U.S.

* Squamous cell cancer
It arises from the uncontrolled multiplication of transformed malignant cells in the middle layer of the epidermis.

* Melanoma
Melanoma is less common compared to other skin cancer caused by the malignancy of melanocytes, the cell produced dark pigment for your skin.

Some researchers suggested that by seeking the shade, especially between 10 AM and 4 PM. covering yourself with proper sunglasses, clothing, and hat, using sun protective cream, particularly in avoidance of tanning and UV tanning beds,  most types of skin cancer are preventable

Bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme found in pineapples (Ananas comosus) has been used in traditional medicine as an inflammatory agent and to treat pains, strains, and muscle aches and pains and ease back pain and chronic joint pain, skin diseases, etc.

In the urgency to find a natural ingredient for the treatment of skin cancer, researchers examined the bromelain (BL) effect in the form of nanoparticles (NPs) based delivery systems on skin cancer cells.

The formulated NPs with a mean particle size of 130.4 ± 8.81 nm exhibited sustained release of BL by observation of the analysis.

According to the tested assays, BL loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) NPs enhanced anti-tumor effects compared to free BL.

In tumorigenesis mice model, NPs reduced the average number of tumors by 2.3 folds), delayed tumorigenesis by 2 weeks), and inhibited the percent tumorigenesis by 4 folds.

Furthermore, administration of NPs also exerted a significant effect on reduced the percent mortality rate and the average tumor volume.

More precisely, NPs demonstrated anti-cancer cell efficacy was attributed to its capability in modulating the expression of pro-apoptotic (P53, Bax) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl2) proteins.

Based on the finding, researchers said, "developed NPs formulation could be used to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy by exerting chemo-preventive effects against induced carcinogenesis at lower dosages".

Additionally, in another mouse skin tumorigenesis model, bromelain not only exerted a similar effect of the aforementioned study it also reduced tumor volume up to a tune of approximately 65%.

In this case, bromelain induced cancer cells apoptosis by stimulating the expression of proteins associated with tumor-suppressive and pro-apoptotic genes, inhibiting the gene involved in anti-apoptosis.

Taken altogether, bromelain may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of skin cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of bromelain in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources

(1) Bromelain nanoparticles protect against 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced skin carcinogenesis in mouse model by Bhatnagar P1, Pant AB2, Shukla Y2, Chaudhari B2, Kumar P1, Gupta KC. (PubMed)
(2) Bromelain inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of MAPK regulated NF-kappa B against skin tumor-initiation triggering mitochondrial death pathway by Bhui K1, Prasad S, George J, Shukla Y. (PubMed)