Sunday 23 September 2018

Asparagus, The Miracle Anti Diabetes and Diabetes Complications Functional Food, Scientists Say

Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition

Asparagus may have a potential and profound effect in reduced risk of diabetes in patients with no diabetes and diabetic complications in patients with diabetes, some studies suggested.


Diabetes is a condition characterized by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose.

The actual causes of diabetes are debatable. As researchers do not know why some people without genetic mutations are susceptible to disease development, while other do not.

Researchers believed that onset of diabetes type 2 is associated to a set of risk factors. According to the retrospective cohort study, using the data of 8337 adolescent respondents from Add Health (1994-2008) including 5131 non-Hispanic Whites, 1651 non-Hispanic Blacks, 1223 Hispanics, and 332 American Indians/Alaska Natives lead by College of Medicine, Washington State University,

* Pre-diabetes and diabetes were more prevalent in non-Hispanic Blacks (55% and 12%, respectively) than in American Indians/Alaska Natives (43% and 11%),

* Higher body mass index and family history of diabetes were associated with higher risk of pre-diabetes and diabetes.

* Female sex was associated with lower risk of pre-diabetes in compared to male counterpart.
Furthermore
* Physical inactivity, sedentary behaviors, or fast food consumption are associated to independent and preventive risk factors that induce early onset of prediabetes and diabetes.

Most people with prediabetes do not experience any symptoms. However, untreated diabetes or  diabetes that do not manage properly, may lead to serious complications of cardiovascular diseases, kidney damage, nerve, foot and eye damage, skin wound that can heal,....... and dementia such as Alzheimer's disease.

Asparagus is a flowering plant belongings to species the genus Asparagus, native to the western coasts of northern Spain, north to Ireland, Great Britain, and northwest Germany, northern Africa and western Asia.

The vegetable have been used from early times as a vegetable and medicine, because of its delicate flavor and diuretic properties.

In Streptozotocin (90 mg/kg) injected in 2-d-old Wistar rat pups to induce non-obese type 2 diabetes, researchers found that rats treated with a methanolic extract of A. officinalis seeds (250 and 500 mg/kg per d) expressed lowering fasting blood glucose, improved serum insulin, total antioxidant status and qualitative and quantitative in β-cell function(1) in compared to placebo group.

Additional observation also discovered that the methanolic extract also exerts a significant effect in reduced complications of kidney disease by inhibiting renal hypertrophy, polyuria, hyperfiltration, microalbuminuria and abnormal changes in the renal tissue(1).

Furthermore, asparagus extract enhanced production of antioxidants from the host in neutralize the unbalanced ratio of antioxidants and free radical in initiated oxidative stress(1) induced by injection of Streptozotocin (90 mg/kg) effectively.

Moreover, according to the study by Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, oral administration of ethanolic extract of Asparagus racemosus (EEAR) at a dose level of 100 and 250 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks, significantly reduced the expression of streptozotocin-induced early diabetic nephropathy in compared with control group(2).

Dr. Somania R, the lead researcher said, " A. racemosus treatment significantly decreased plasma glucose, creatinine, ..... total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Renal hypertrophy,....and abnormal changes in the renal tissue".

These efficacy can be attributed to the extract's anti-diabetic effects by improving insulin secretion and β-cell function(2).

Interestingly, the 21 days continuous administration of aqueous extract of asparagus by-product (AEA) to examine the hypoglycaemic effect in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model indicated(3), found
* Rat treated with the extract showed to decrease fasting serum glucose and triglyceride levels but markedly increased body weight and hepatic glycogen level.

* In an oral glucose tolerance test, both the blood glucose level measured at 30, 60 and 120 min after glucose loading and the area under the glucose curve showed a significant decrease after AEA treatment.

* The extract also exhibited the hypoglycaemic and hypotriglyceridaemic effects in preventing diabetic complications associated with hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia(3).

Taking altogether, there is no doubt that many aspects have contributed to the effectiveness of asparagus in reduced risk of diabetic complications and treatment of diabetes, but large amount of asparagus extract intake should only be prescribed by related field specialist.

However, further data collection on large example size and multi centers clinical studies and trials performed with human consumption of the whole food during the course of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of asparagus anti diabetes possibilities.


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Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Asparagus racemosus Willd (Liliaceae) ameliorates early diabetic nephropathy in STZ induced diabetic rats by Somania R1, Singhai AK, Shivgunde P, Jain D.(PubMed)
(2) Asparagus officinalis extract controls blood glucose by improving insulin secretion and β-cell function in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats by Hafizur RM1, Kabir N, Chishti S.(PubMed)
(3) The aqueous extract of Asparagus officinalis L. by-product exerts hypoglycaemic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Zhao J1, Zhang W, Zhu X, Zhao D, Wang K, Wang R, Qu W.(PubMed)
(4) Risk factors for pre-diabetes and diabetes in adolescence and their variability by race and ethnicity by Zamora-Kapoor A1, Fyfe-Johnson A2, Omidpanah A2, Buchwald D2, Sinclair K(PubMed)

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