Herbal Therapy: Green Tea and its Bioactive Polyphenols in Attenuated Early Onset, Progression and Treatment of Osteoporosis

Kyle J. Norton 

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced onset. progression and treatment of osteoporosis, some scientists suggested.

Green tea is a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world.

Osteoporosis is a chronic condition characterized by progression in reduced bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue and considered as a major health problem in both elderly men and women.

In the study to evluate the effects of ingestion of green tea and green tea bioactive compounds in mitigating bone loss and risk of osteoporotic fractures in both elderly women and men, researchers found that application of green tea and its bioactive compounds exert significant activities in reduced onset of osteoporosis, through its antioxidants and its initiation of the production of natural antioxidant in the body such as glutathione and enzymes (e.g., catalase and superoxide dismutase) in inhibited the levels of ROS in facilitated the chain reaction.

Truly, the over expression of free radicals has been associated to the change in balance between activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, leading to osteoclasts in destroyed the calcified tissue and induced bone remodeling.

These results demonstrated a significant decrease of risk of fracture by improving bone mineral density and preventing free radicals in damage the bone-forming osteoblasts while suppressing osteoclastic activities.

Moreover, in the review of the effect of green tea and its bioactive components on bone health, researchers indicated that ingestion of green and its bioactive compound display an impressive osteo-protective impact on bone mass and microarchitecture in various bone loss models associated to aging, sex hormone deficiency, and chronic inflammation.

The implication of reduced onset and progression of osteoporosis in aging population due to sex hormone deficiency of the study may be attributed to green tea and its bioactive compound in increased the levels of osteocalcin, a bone formation marker, decreased serum of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), a bone resorption marker and improved the body in absorption of calcium.

In fact, the serum of serum levels of osteocalcin (OC) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) are considered as an effective measurement in the rate of bone turn over in patients with osteoporosis.

Interestingly, application of green tea and its bioactive compound also found to modulate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the regulation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, through inhibited the production of C-reactive protein (CRP) production in the liver in demonstrated of inflammation by reduced levels of interleukin-1 and 6(IL-1-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), the sensitive markers of systemic inflammation.

These differentiation were supported by the study in evaluation of the efficacy of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) at mitigating bone loss and microstructure deterioration along with related mechanisms in 40 androgen-deficient aged male rats, a model of male osteoporosis, randomly assigned to received A 2 (sham vs. orchidectomy) × 2 (no GTP and 0.5% GTP in drinking water) for 16 weeks.

At the end of experiment, researchers found that rats treated with GTP demonstrate an increased serum osteocalcin concentrations, bone mineral density, and trabecular volume, number, and strength of femur; increased trabecular volume and thickness and bone formation in both the proximal tibia and periosteal tibial shaft; decreased eroded surface in the proximal tibia and endocortical tibial shaft; and increased liver glutathione peroxidase activity.

These results indicated a strong implication of green tea polyphenols in decreased cortical and trabecular bone loss and increased both bone density by stimulated over expression of bone formation and reduced bone resorption via antioxidant capacity.
 

Taken together, green tea and its bioactive polyphenols may be considered as a function food in ameliorated early onset, progression and combined with standard medicine for treatment of osteoporosis. However, intake of green tea supplement should be taken with extreme care due to recent reports of acute liver toxicity. 

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Green tea and bone metabolism by Shen CL1, Yeh JK, Cao JJ, Wang JS.(PubMed)

(2) Green tea and bone health: Evidence from laboratory studies by Shen CL1, Yeh JK, Cao JJ, Chyu MC, Wang JS.(PubMed)

(3) Supplementation with green tea polyphenols improves bone microstructure and quality in aged, orchidectomized rats by Shen CL1, Cao JJ, Dagda RY, Tenner TE Jr, Chyu MC, Yeh JK.(PubMed)