Food Therapy: Fennel In Attenuated Risk, Progression and Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Kyle J. Norton


Herbal fennel may have a strong implication in reduced risk and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, some scientists postulated.

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a plant species of genus, belongings to Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), native to the Mediterranean, used in traditional and herbal medicine as warming, carminative, antispasmodic, antidepressant agent and to stimulate the appetite, ease indigestion, soothe coughing, reduce intestinal spasms, to regulate the menstrual cycle and relieve PMS,...

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Fiber
3. Protein
4. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
5. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
6. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
7. Pantothenic acid (B5)
8. Vitamin B6
9. Folate (Vitamin B9)
10. Vitamin C
11. Calcium
12. Copper
13. Iron
14. Magnesium
15. Molybdenum
16. Phosphorus
17. Potassium
18. Zinc
19. Etc.

Irritable bowel syndrome is a common digestive disorder, affecting the function of the large intestine.

According to the statistic, approximately 10 -15% of world population are infected by the disease, depending to geographic variation.

According to the study of 121 patients with mild-to-moderate symptoms of IBS defined by an Irritable Bowel Syndrome- symptom severity score (IBS-SSS) 100-300 and abdominal pain score 30-70 on a 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), randomly assigned to Curcumin-Fennel (CU-FEO) or placebo (2 capsules b.d. for 30 days), treatment group demonstrated a significant effect in decreased mean scores observed by the relative IBS-SSS and the pain score in compared to placebo group.

In the over all performance, intake of CU-FEO group showed a incredible improvement of all symptoms with the percentage of symptom-free patients significantly higher of 26 % in compared to 7% the placebo group, particularly, in all domains of IBS-quality of life(QoL), without inflicting any side effect.

Furthermore, in the period of experiment, curcumin + fennel treatment displayed a progressive decrease in intensity and a greater proportion of patients in reporting ≥50% reduction in abdominal pain.

In the length of the experiment, treated group expressed  a substantial improvement of health-related QoL observed through the reduced use of health resources and increased work productivity, progressively in compared to the baseline taken before the treatment.

Dr. Portincasa P, the lead author after taking into account of other co founders, said, "CU-FEO was safe, well-tolerated and induced symptom relief in patients with IBS" and " CU-FEO significantly improved symptoms and quality of life in IBS patients over 30 days".

Some researchers suggested that the efficacy of fennel in reduced symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome was possibly associated to the the major chemical component anethole of fennel oil seeds in exerting relaxant effect on intestinal smooth muscle, similar to those medicine used as neurotransmitter dopamine in inhibited the spasmodic activity in facilitation of abdominal pain. 

Moreover, application of fennel also expressed a strong impact on bowel symptoms through orchestrated intestinal inflammation and immune activation against onset and progression of the disease. 

Injection of anethole in vitro and vivo parameters of chicken immunity during experimental avian coccidiosis exerted an important modulation of the immune mediators interleukin-6 (IL6) in  response to infection and tissue injuries and contribution to host defense; interleukin-8 (IL8) in stimulated production of neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells during the inflammatory process; interleukin-10 (IL10), an anti inflammatory factor which plays a critical role in reduced over expression of proinflammatory cytokines in precipitated cells damage and cells death and tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15) in response to acute and chronic inflammation by induced the development of the new blood vessel to promote the site of infection.

These result addressed an impression of fennel anethole effect in improved symptoms and quality of life of patients with IBS through inhibited the increased number of inflammatory cells in the colonic and ileal mucosa activated by low-grade intestinal inflammation

The low-grade inflammation in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome accompanied with microscopic and molecular abnormalities in large subset in patients today has been focused by some scientists in searching for new conventional treatment for the disease through designed clinical trials for drugs that target this pathophysiologic mechanism.

Taken together, fennel with major bioactive compound anethole may be considered as a functional food and secondary therapy in reduced risk and progression and used combination with conventional medicine for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Curcumin and Fennel Essential Oil Improve Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Portincasa P1, Bonfrate L2, Scribano ML3, Kohn A3, Caporaso N4, Festi D5, Campanale MC6, Di Rienzo T6, Guarino M4, Taddia M5, Fogli MV7, Grimaldi M7, Gasbarrini A6.(PubMed)
(2) Immune effects of dietary anethole on Eimeria acervulina infection by Duk Kyung Kim, Sung Hyen Lee, Hyun Lillehoj and David Bravo(Research Gate)