Phytochemical 3,3'-Diindolylmethane, the Anti Nasopharyngeal Cancer Functional Supplement

By Kyle J. Norton


The nasopharynx is the upper part of the pharynx, connecting with the nasal cavity above the soft palate that allows a person to breathe through the nose.

Nasopharyngeal cancer is a medical condition characterized by cells growth irregularly and disorderly in the tissues of the nasopharynx.

Most cases of nasopharyngeal cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the nasopharynx. The early stage of nasopharyngeal cancer is asymptomatic due to the very small size of the tumor.

However, at the advanced stage, the oversize may suppress the nearby nerves and blood vessels, leading to severe throat pain and symptoms of a lump in your neck blood in the saliva, bloody discharged from your nose, particularly, persistent nasal congestion or ringing in your ears, accompanied with the general symptoms shared with other cancers.

According to the statistics provided by the American cancer society, nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is quite rare in the United States). The risk of cancer is less than one case for every 100,000 people.
Epidemiologically, some patients at this stage may also experience symptoms of frequent ear infections, hearing loss and headaches.

If you have some of the aforementioned symptoms, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

The exact causes of nasopharyngeal cancer are unknown. Gender, family history, ethnicity, where you live, poor diet, infected by the Epstein-Barr virus are some of the prevalent factors of nasopharyngeal cancer.

On finding potential and plant-based compound for the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer, researchers examined the antitumor effects of DIM in a long-term low-dose manner in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

The study included NPC cells induced by 20 µmol/l DIM for over a month.

During the experiment, the injection showed significantly reduced the cell metastasis in vivo.

Furthermore, according to assays, DIM significantly reduced the proliferation and migration of without inducing apoptosis.

Long-term dose administration also exerted antitumor activity by altering the signaling pathways which are mutated in human cancer and protein associated with the anti-apoptosis, proliferation and cell survivals.

Moreover, in order to reveal more information about DIM antitumor efficacy, researchers launched an investigation of the pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects of 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) in various tumor cell types.

DIM-induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by inhibiting the activity of telomerase which is crucial for the survival of cancer cells, in a dose‑dependent manner.

The mRNA and protein expression of hTERT which is a catalytic component of human telomerase and used as a biomarker of a tumor was inhibited following treatment with DIM without causing a change of telomerase RNA (hTR).

In other words, DIM-induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation were attributed to its activity on telomerase by targeting the expression of hTERT.

The results indicated that DIM inhibited nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by shortening the telomeres in a concentration‑dependent manner.

Taken altogether, 3,3'-Diindolylmethane may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of 3,3'-diindolylmethane in form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) ERK signaling mediates long-term low concentration 3,3'-diindolylmethaneinhibited nasopharyngeal carcinoma growth and metastasis: An in vitro and in vivo study by Li F1, Chen C1, Chen SM1, Xiao BK1, Tao ZZ. (PubMed)
(2) Pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects of 3,3'-diindolylmethane in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via downregulation of telomerase activity by Li F1, Xu Y2, Chen C1, Chen SM2, Xiao BK1, Tao ZZ. (PubMed)