Healthy Legume Navy Bean Induces Colon Cancer Cell Apoptosis in Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

The colon is the 2nd part of the digestive system found in the large bowel which consists of the colon and rectum, with a function that absorbs water from the small bowel contents and breaks down certain materials in the feces into substances in which some of them are reabsorbed and reused by the body. 

Colon cancer is a chronic condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the tissues of the colon tissues due to the alternation of the cell DNA.

Most cases of colon cancer begin in the cell on the surface of the inner lining of the colon tissue, before penetrating into deeper layers to form a tumor.

Colon cancer is relatively very common, slowly growing and progressing in a predictable way.

Together with rectal cancer, colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in Western countries, including the US and Canada.

According to the statistics, the lifetime risk of developing colon cancer is about one in 23. Colon cancer accounts for  71% of all cases of colorectal cancer. The overall 5 years survival rate of localized colon cancer is 90%.

Conventionally, the treatment of colon cancer is totally depending on the stage and grade of cancer, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.

* If the cancer is only limited to the mucosa such as a single layer of epithelial cells, a layer of connective tissue, and a thin muscle layer than it can be cured in most cases.

*  If cancer has spread through the muscular layer of the bowel or the lymph note, the curable rate is lower.

 * If cancer has spread to other organs, the curable rate is even lower. Grade of the cancer is calculated dependently to how aggressive cancer.

The small, white navy bean, also called pea bean or haricot, popular in both dry and green forms, is very popular in Britain and the US, native to Peru. It is now grown and consumed across the world, due to their numerous health benefits.

On finding a natural compound for the treatment of colon cancer, scientists examined the protective effects of cooked navy bean consumption in the risk of cancer.

The experiment included 160 male obese ob/ob mice randomly assigned to cooked navy beans (whole beans), the insoluble fraction (bean residue) or soluble fraction of the 60% (vol:vol) ethanol extract of cooked navy beans (bean extract), or a modified AIN-93G diet (16.6% fat including 12.9% lard) as control diet after 2 azoxymethane injections.

Navy bean treated group showed a significant reduction of numbers of mice with dysplasia, adenomas, or adenocarcinomas (whole beans 54%, bean residue 81%, and bean extract 91%) compared to control.

Furthermore, focal hyperplasia was found in fewer mice on each of the 3 bean diets percent reduction from control (whole bean 56%, bean residue 67%, and bean extract 87%).

Based on the results, Dr. Bobe G, the lead scientist, after taking other factors into account wrote, "both the soluble and the insoluble fraction of the extract contribute to the cancer-protective effect of cooked navy beans".

Moreover, in colon carcinogenesis in carcinogen-induced genetically obese mice randomly placed on one of four diets (control, whole navy bean, bean residue fraction, or bean extract fraction) for 26 to 28 wk, researchers found that bean fed mice showed a significant effect in the protection against the numbers of genetic alternation and pro-inflammatory cytokines induced the early onset of colon changes.

Dr. Mentor-Marcel RA, the lead researcher said, "Changes in a subset of inflammation-associated serum proteins and colon gene expression may serve as response indicators of dietary attenuation of colon carcinogenesis".

Taken altogether, navy bean used alone or combined with conventional medicine may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of colon cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Inflammation-associated serum and colon markers as indicators of dietary attenuation of colon carcinogenesis in ob/ob mice by Mentor-Marcel RA1, Bobe G, Barrett KG, Young MR, Albert PS, Bennink MR, Lanza E, Colburn NH. (PubMed)
(2) Dietary cooked navy beans and their fractions attenuate colon carcinogenesis in azoxymethane-induced ob/ob mice by Bobe G1, Barrett KG, Mentor-Marcel RA, Saffiotti U, Young MR, Colburn NH, Albert PS, Bennink MR, Lanza E. (PubMed)
(3) Bowel (Colorectal ) Cancer by Kyle J. Norton