Alliin, the Best Anti Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Phytochemical

By Kyle J. Norton

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a medical condition caused by the building up fluids in the tiny, elastic air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs.

In other words, the fluid retention reduced the function of the lung from filling with enough oxygen-rich air and exhaling carbon dioxide, that leads to depriving the organs function.

According to the statistics, the incidence of acute lung injury acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) ranges from 1.3 to 22 per 100,000 people. The condition remains a significant source of morbidity and mortality in the critically ill patient population in the US.

Depending on the severity of the condition, some patients may experience symptoms of severe shortness of breath, unusually rapid breathing, low blood pressure, confusion, and extreme tiredness due to reduced oxygen to reach the target organs.

Medical conditions such as lung injury from various causes, septic, pneumonia, pancreatitis and, massive blood transfusions and burns and inhaling certain toxic chemicals are some common causes of acute lung injury.

Over time, acute lung injury has been found to induce complication of pneumothorax, pulmonary fibrosis, blood clot, and lung infection.

Alliin (S-allyl-L-cysteine-S-oxide) is a phytochemical compound sulfoxide,. a derivative of the amino acid cysteine, belonging to the class of sulfur compounds, found abundantly in fresh garlic and onion.

With an aim to find a potential ingredient for the prevention of lung injury, researchers examined the protective effects and molecular mechanism of alliin on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)in an animal model.

The investigation included BALB/c mice induced lung injury by intranasal instillation of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) followed by the alliin administration intraperitoneal to mice 1 h after the treatment.

According to the tested assays, LPS injection caused the elevated lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and wet/dry (W/D) ratio was inhibited by alliin.

The elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS on tested mice also markedly decreased by the antioxidant activity of the phytochemicals.

Most importantly, lung pathological injury caused by LPS was attenuated by treatment of alliin.

Furthermore, alliin also blocked the NF-κB activation that contributes to the pathogenic processes of various inflammatory diseases.

Additional differentiation of the efficacy of alliin on the effect of LPS, researchers found that alliin protects the lung injury against LPS by stimulating the nuclear receptor ( (PPARγ) in the superfamily of ligand-inducible transcription factors that regulate adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, cell proliferation, inflammation, and insulin sensitization.

Based on the findings, researchers said, " these results suggested that alliin protected against LPS-induced ALI by activating PPARγ, which subsequently inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation and inflammatory response".

And, "Alliin might be used as an anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI)".

Taken altogether, alliin may be considered supplements for the protection of the lung against injury, depending on the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of alliin in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effects of alliin on LPS-induced acute lung injury by activating PPARγ by Wang YL1, Guo XY1, He W1, Chen RJ1, Zhuang R. (PubMed)