Food Therapy: Fennel The Potent Food With Cyto-protection and Antitumor Activity

Kyle J. Norton

Fennel may have a potential and positive effect in  induction of cytoprotection and antitumor activity against cancer expression, some scientists suggested.

The results of fennel efficacy were reported by several respectable institutes including National Cancer Institute and National Institute of Health.
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a plant species of genus, belongings to Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), native to the Mediterranean, used in traditional and herbal medicine as warming, carminative, antispasmodic, antidepressant agent and to stimulate the appetite, ease indigestion, soothe coughing, reduce intestinal spasms, to regulate the menstrual cycle and relieve PMS,...

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Fiber
3. Protein
4. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
5. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
6. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
7. Pantothenic acid (B5)
8. Vitamin B6
9. Folate (Vitamin B9)
10. Vitamin C
11. Calcium
12. Copper
13. Iron
14. Magnesium
15. Molybdenum
16. Phosphorus
17. Potassium
18. Zinc


In the study to evaluate the efficacy of fennel seed methanolic extract (FSME) for its antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antitumor activities and for its capacity to serve as a nontoxic radioprotector in Swiss albino mice through injection of FSME, 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally into mice bearing EAC before exposed to three 2-Gy doses of gamma irradiation, researchers found at after 30 days, the application extered a strong effect at the C50 (mean standard deviation 50% inhibitory concentrations) at dose of 50 μg/mL for the MCF7 breast cancer cell line and 48 μg/mL for the Hepg-2 liver cancer cell line.

Treatment group also displayed a decreased level MDA and improved natural antioxdants produced by the tissues of the host in compared to elevation of MDA and significant reduced levels of catalase and GSH contents.

These result suggested that fennel seed methanolic extract (FSME) inhibited the over production of ROS caused by ingestion of doses of gamma irradiation through its anioxidants and enhanced antioxidants  production of the mice tissue via ratio of ROS and Antioxidants.

In other words, application of the fennel extract may have a potential in

* Reduced oxidative stress and protected mouse cells from damage caused by reactive oxygen species.

* Improved natural antioxidants and the oxidative stability of fatty foods during storage.

* Exhibited an antitumor effect by modulating lipid peroxidation and augmenting the antioxidant defense system in EAC-bearing mice with or without exposure to radiation.

Further illustration of the effect of herbal medicine in treatment of cancers and examine the cytoprotective effects, researchers at the National Institute of Health conducted a comparison of five herbal supplements, designated FB, FM, PP, HF and FBL101, which contain different combinations of various natural herbs such as licorice, black cohosh, Dong Quai, false unicorn and vitex berry root against mice bearing CWR22R and PC3 prostate cancer xenografts.

According to the results of experiment,

* All herbal medicine, FB, FM, PP, HF and FBL101 inhibited PC3 tumor growth by 53%, 75%, 80%, 81% and 87%, respectively.

* In CWR22R tumors, application of all supplements exerted a similar effect in suppression the of the cancer cells.

* All application did not show an inhibitory activity against levels of testosterone in compared to untreated mice. However, supplements PP and FBL101 exerted a significantly reduced VEGF levels, a potent angiogenic factor with function in stimulated production of new blood vessels to ensure cell proliferation, in PC3 and CWR22R tumors.

* Intratumoral microvessel density was decreased in PC3 tumors treated with all five supplements but only in CWR22R tumors treated with HF.

Dr. Ng SS, the lead author said, "herbal supplements containing the aforementioned extracts inhibit the growth of prostate tumor xenografts, possibly in part by antiangiogenic mechanisms".

The above differentiation were supported by the Quaid-i-Azam University in the analysis of the antibacterial potential of some medicinal plants against multi drug resistant (MDR) pathogens and anticancer effect against MCF-7 cell line. 

According to the results of report, application of Ethanol extract of Foeniculum vulgare exhibited significant inhibition of cancer cells proliferation and induction of cancer cell apoptosis and reduction of growth of Klebsiella pneumonia, Serratia marcescens and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Taken together, fennel and its extracts may be used as function food in exertion of cytoprotection and antitumor activity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Antioxidant and anticarcinogenic effects of methanolic extract and volatile oil of fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare) by Mohamad RH1, El-Bastawesy AM, Abdel-Monem MG, Noor AM, Al-Mehdar HA, Sharawy SM, El-Merzabani MM.(PubMed)
(2) Antitumor activity of herbal supplements in human prostate cancer xenografts implanted in immunodeficient mice by Ng SS1, Figg WD.(PubMed)
(3) Study of anticancer and antibacterial activities of Foeniculum vulgare, Justicia adhatoda and Urtica dioica as natural curatives by Batool R1, Salahuddin H1, Mahmood T1, Ismail M2.(PubMed)