Ursolic Acid, The Potential Cancer Immunotherapy

By Kyle J. Norton

Cancer is the class of diseases associated with the growth of the cells disorderly and uncontrollably due to the alternation of DNA.

Most cases of cancer begin in the cells on the surface of the inner lining tissues of the organ or gland. At the early stage, most cancers are asymptomatic.

However, at the advanced stage, most cancers not can induce common symptoms such as gastrointestinal discomforts, unintended weight loss, loss of appetite and fatigue but also localized symptoms depending on the affected tissues and organs.

Cancers at this stage also can travel a distance away from the original site to induce secondary metastasis.

According to the statistics provided by the American cancer society, in 2018,1,735,350 new cases were diagnosed, representing more than 4,700 new cancer diagnoses each day.
The lifetime probability of being diagnosed with cancer is 39.7% for men and 37.6% for women.

Compared to all cancers, lung, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers are the most common cancer in the US.

The causes of cancer are unknown. age, excessive alcohol drinking, exposure to cancer causing-substances, diseases associated with chronic inflammation, unhealthy diet, hormones therapy, use of immunosuppression are some of the prevalent factors involved in the onset of cancer.
Cancer immunotherapy is a type of treatment used to treat cancer patients that involve or uses components of the immune system.

Depending on types of cancer immunotherapies, some may consist of antibodies that bind or inhibit the expression of proteins in the cancer cells.

Ursolic acid is a phytochemical in the subclass of Triterpenoid, belongings to the group of Terpenes found abundantly in apples, basil, bilberries, cranberries, peppermint, lavender, oregano, hawthorn, prunes., etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of chronic diseases, researchers examined the effect of ursolic acid (UA), a potent triterpenoid compound found in plants and fruits with activities modulating key cell-signaling pathways in cancer.

According to the analysis of the development of UA-liposomes made by HPβCD assisted active loading,
* Compared to lipid suspensions of UA (Lipid-UA) with similar lipid composition, the novel process enabled the formation of UA-Ca crystalline structures inside the liposomes and therefore sustained release of UA in vivo.
* UA-liposomes were not generally toxic towards 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer cells, they could effectively modulate CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ in regulating T cells from 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse by inhibiting the inflammatory cytokines.

* In vivo, the administration of UA-liposomes at 10 mg/kg dose led to reduced numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) residing in tumor tissues

Collectively, researchers said, "These changes signified the correction of the tumor mediated immune-suppressive microenvironment. The UA-liposomes treatment alone was already effective in deterring tumor growth. Such a formulation may be highly promising as an immunotherapy agent and be combined with chemotherapeutics or targeted drugs",

Taken altogether, Ursolic acid may be considered adjunct-immunotherapy. therapies in the treatment of cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Ursolic acid in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Solubilization and delivery of Ursolic-acid for modulating tumor microenvironment and regulatory T cell activities in cancer immunotherapy by Zhang N1, Liu S2, Shi S2, Chen Y2, Xu F2, Wei X2, Xu Y. (PubMed)