Saturday, 23 May 2020

Elecampane, A Natural Anti-Inflammatory Herbal Remedy

By Kyle J. Norton

Inflammation is a natural reaction of the immune system in the protection of our body during tissue damage, injury, and infection.

Inflammation can be acute or chronic. In the acute phase of infection, the immune system after receiving information from the neurons, macrophages, the largest white blood cells in the first line of defense stimulate the production of blood palette to cover the wound and the production of inflammatory cytokines to kill off micro-organisms, leading to symptoms of fever, redness, and swelling.

However, in some cases, the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines may damage nearby healthy cells and tissues, causing the formation of scars.

In severe cases, a protein with duo functions in the production of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines which produce anti-inflammatory cytokines under normal condition also switch to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Most cases of acute inflammatory are resolved within a few days without causing damage to the wound tissues. However, if the immune first line of defense can not completely destroy the invaders within a period of 3 to 8 weeks, it will compromise, leading to low-grade chronic inflammation.

Diseases associated with low-grade chronic inflammation include diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.

Chronic inflammation also is an autoimmune disease caused by the immune system mistakenly attacks the bodily tissue.

Epidemiological studies suggested that aging that causes low production of sex hormones, being obese and obese, and smoking are associated with the early onset of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Some researchers suggested that out of a number of risk factors, a poor diet in the long-term is one of the major causes of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Most people with chronic inflammation are experiencing symptoms of body pain, persistent fatigue, and insomnia, psychological issues of depression, anxiety and mood disorders and long-term gastrointestinal discomforts, such as constipation, diarrhea, and acid reflux.


On finding a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases, scientists examined the effects of the roots of Inula helenium and aerial parts of Grindelia squarrosa in limiting neutrophil migration.

Elecampane, also known as Horse-heal (Inula helenium) is a perennial composite plant, genus nulla, belonging to Asteraceae, native to Southern Europe, and Asia. 

The plant has been used in traditional and herbal medicine in treating bronchitis or emphysema, night sweats, pulmonary tuberculosis, irritating cough, catarrhal discharges, etc.

According to tested analysis,
* The extracts and compounds showed a stong activity that suppresses neutrophil binding to the epithelium surface via downregulation of β2 integrin associated with pro-inflammatory expression.

* The pro-inflammatory cytokine such as IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-1β release were significantly suppressed by the administration of the chemical compound Alantolactone and grindelic acid found in Inula helenium and Grindelia squarrosa, comparable to those of budesonide.

Based on the results, researchers suggest, "Inula helenium and Grindelia squarrosa, which have been traditionally used in Europe as medicinal plants, are a valuable source of active compounds with anti-inflammatory activity".

Taken altogether, Dandelion may be considered an anti inflammatory remedy, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Inula helenium and Grindelia squarrosa as a source of compounds with anti-inflammatory activity in human neutrophils and cultured human respiratory epithelium by Gierlikowska B1, Gierlikowski W2, Bekier K3, Skalicka-Woźniak K4, Czerwińska ME3, Kiss AK. (PubMed)

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