Honey Protects the Neurons Integrity Against Neuro-Degeneration

By Kyle J. Norton


Neurodegeneration is a process characterized by the progressive loss of the functions of brain cells, caused by the damage of structure or health of neurons.

Some researchers suggested that neurodegenerative diseases found mostly in the aging population are a gradual and irreversible neuronal damage and death affected by a common final pathway due to aging,

There are numbers of neurodegenerative disease associated with neurodegeneration, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease.

The causes of neurodegeneration are unclear. Many risk factors were found to influence the risk of disease, including gender, endocrine conditions, oxidative stress, infection and inflammation, nutrition, vascular conditions, depression, head trauma, tumors, and level of education.

However, some researchers suggested that excessive alcohol consumption that leads to a severe loss in the frontal cortex due to oxidative stress may be the most of common factors associated with the onset of the diseases, other than aging.

Dr. Fulton T, the lead scientist in the investigated neurodegeneration in excessive alcohol consumption,  wrote, "Neuroimmune gene induction by binge drinking increases neurodegeneration through increased oxidative stress, particularly NADPH oxidase-induced oxidative stress".

And, "Adolescence is a period of high risk for ethanol-induced neurodegeneration and alterations in brain structure, gene expression, and maturation of adult phenotypes".

Where NADPH oxidases are the major sources of reactive oxygen species found in cardiovascular, neural, and kidney cells.

The results strongly suggested if you have a binge drink habit, you may be at the substantially higher risk of early onset of neurodegeneration.

Honey, the rich golden liquid is the miraculous product made by bees using nectar from flowers.

The liquid is considered one of healthy sweet food for replacing the use of white sugar and artificial sweetener by many people.

In the urgency to discover a natural compound with the potential of treating a neurodegenerative disease, researchers examined the Malaysian Tualang Honey (TH), an antioxidant agent, in the cerebral cortex of rats against KA-induced oxidative stress and neurodegeneration.

The study included Male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into five groups: control, KA-treated group, TH + KA-treated group, aspirin (ASP; anti-inflammatory agent) + KA-treated group and topiramate (TPM; antiepileptic agent) + KA-treated group.

The animals were pretreated orally with drinking water, TH (1.0g/kg BW), ASP (7.5mg/kg BW) or TPM (40mg/kg BW), respectively, five times at 12 h intervals. KA (15mg/kg BW) was injected subcutaneously 30 min after last treatment to all groups except the control group (normal saline).

Compared to the control, KA injection rats group showed a significantly neuronal degeneration in the piriform cortex and heightened the predilection to seizures.

TH pretreatment inhibited the KA-induced neuronal degeneration in the piriform cortex but failed to prevent the occurrence of KA-induced seizures.

TH pretreatment also exerted a strong effect in increasing locomotor activity and reducing hyperactivity in OFT, KA-induced animals.

Furthermore, HT pretreatment improved the antioxidant enzymes produced by the host and decreased the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.

The results suggested that HT protects the integrity of the neurons against overexpression of ROS through its antioxidant activity.

Taken altogether, Malaysian Tualang Honey (TH) may be considered a functional remedy for the protection of neuron integrity against the onset of neurodegeneration, pending to the confirmation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Effect of tualang honey against KA-induced oxidative stress and neurodegeneration in the cortex of rats by Mohd Sairazi NS1, K N S S2, Asari MA3, Mummedy S1, Muzaimi M4, Sulaiman SA. (PubMed)
(2) Neuroimmune Signaling in Drug Actions and Addictions by Fulton T. Crews, Ryan P. Vetreno, in International Review of Neurobiology, 2014. (Science Direct)