Herbal Ginger, the Best Anti- Neuroinflammation Functional Food

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a kitchen spice for the treatment of neuroinflammation in the initiation of a gradual loss of neurons, according to studies.

Inflammation is a natural response of the immune system against the invasion of foreign pathogens.

In the acute phase of infection, immune system after receiving the message from the CNS stimulates the production of blood platelet to cover up the wound and proinflammatory cytokines to the site of infection with an aim to kill off all stimuli or pathogens before entering to the body.

Some anti-inflammatory cytokines normally produced to counteract the inflammation in the body under normal condition also switch off to produced proinflammatory cytokines instead.

Most microorganisms try to enter the body through damaged tissue or wound are destroyed in this phase of infection. However, overproduction of proinflammatory has seen to damage or death of the nearby healthy cells and tissue, leading to the abnormal formation of scars.

Our immune system has evolved over thousands and thousands of year by killing off all new and transformed microorganisms or adapting to the new change if foreigners cannot be eradicated within 3 to 8 weeks, causing low-grade inflammation in the facilitation of the onset of various chronic illness.

In other words, chronic inflammation or chronic low-grade inflammation is the diseases associated with the inability of the immune system to destroy all foreign invaders in the acute phase of infection.

Neuroinflammation is a condition caused by inflammation of the nervous tissue due to infection, traumatic brain injury, toxic metabolites, or autoimmunity.

Similar to the immune response to the aforementioned macrophage, neuroinflammation is associated with the microglia, the innate immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that mediates these neuroinflammatory responses.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine for the treatment of dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

Researchers on finding a natural compound for the treatment of neuroinflammation with no side effects investigated 6-shogaol, a bioactive compound found in ginger anti-inflammatory effects against oligomeric forms of the Aβ (AβO) in animal brains.

Administration of 6-shogaol significantly reduced microgliosis, an intense reaction of CNS microglia to pathogenic insults and astrogliosis, an abnormal increase in the number of astrocytes due to the destruction of nearby neurons in intrahippocampal AβO-injected mice.

 6-gingerol also ameliorated AβO and scopolamine-induced memory impairment and elevated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pre- and post-synaptic marker, an indication of cognitive decline in the hippocampus.

Based on these results, researchers said, "All these results suggest that 6-shogaol may play a role in inhibiting glial cell activation and reducing memory impairment in animal models of dementia".

Additionally, in order to reveal more information about ginger anti neuroinflammation, researchers examined the bioactive compounds of ginger by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV2 microglia culture model.

Except for zingerone and all gingerols and shogaols compounds at a concentration of 20 μM inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain, including nitric oxide, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α by blocking the protein associated with the activation.

Furthermore, the ginger bioactive compound also inhibited the mRNA levels in LPS-activated BV2 microglia. 

Moreover, the fresh ginger extract exhibited a significant anti-neuroinflammatory capacity due to the presence of 10-gingerol.

Take all together, ginger processed a high amount of bioactive compounds may be considered a functional alternative for the prevention and treatment of neuroinflammation, pending to the confirmation of large sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) 6-Shogaol, an active constituent of ginger, attenuates neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits in animal models of dementia by Moon M1, Kim HG2, Choi JG3, Oh H4, Lee PK5, Ha SK6, Kim SY7, Park Y7, Huh Y8, Oh MS. (PubMed)
(2) Anti-neuroinflammatory capacity of fresh ginger is attributed mainly to 10-gingerol by Ho SC1, Chang KS, Lin CC. (PubMed)