Friday, 10 May 2019

Herbal Bilberry Inhibits Diseases Associated with Mitochondrial Dysfunction

By Kyle J. Norton


Mitochondrial dysfunction is a condition affecting the organelles that generate energy for the cell.

Mitochondria are the cell that converts the food molecules into the energy for the body tissues needs. Mitochondria produce 90 percent of the energy for the body function.

The genetic proposition has been found to alter the process of mitochondria in converting oxygen and food to energy in some people. Acquired mitochondrial dysfunction has been found in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, muscular dystrophy, Lou Gehrig’s disease, diabetes, and cancer. 

Most common symptoms of mitochondrial dysfunction include poor growth
muscle weakness, muscle pain, low muscle tone, exercise intolerance, vision and/or hearing problems
learning disabilities, delays in development, mental retardation depending on the location of the infected cells.

Diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction include Autism, autism-like features Heart, liver or kidney diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, diabetes, neurological problems, thyroid and respiratory (breathing) problems and dementia.

Bilberry is a species of low-growing shrubs in the genus Vaccinium, belongings to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern Europe.

The plant berry has been used as herbs in traditional medicine for the treatment of acute and chronic diarrhea, gastritis, gastric ulcer, and duodenal ulcer, enterocolitis, ulcerative colitis, anemia, cystitis, kidney disease, and psoriasis, diabetes, etc.

With an aim to find a potential ingredient for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction associated with common symptoms found in almost every chronic disease, researchers examined the effect of berries of bilberry and black currant with a rich source of anthocyanin on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

In an animal model selected to the study induced NASH by a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet in mice, oral administration berries of bilberry and black currant alleviated inflammation, oxidative stress, steatosis, and even fibrosis.

Furthermore, berries of bilberry and black currant improved depletion of mitochondrial content and damage of mitochondrial biogenesis and electron transfer chain developed concomitantly in the liver of mice fed with the MCD diet-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.

Moreover, anthocyanins treatment improved the mitochondria by promoting the activation of proteins associated with cellular energy homeostasis,(AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)) and energy metabolism (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α)).

Dr. Tang X, the lead scientists said, "These data provide evidence that anthocyanins possess significant protective effects against NASH and mitochondrial defects in response to an MCD diet".

Additionally, on liver damage in restraint-stressed mice, similar to that of the aforementioned study, bilberry extract restored ALT and ROS to normal levels and enhanced mitochondrial complex II activity that was lowered in restraint-stressed mice.

Genes expression related to mitochondrial electron transfer chain (ETC)-and mitochondria membrane potential were also improved substantially.

In other words, bilberry extract exhibited a protective effect by scavenging free radicals and attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver of restraint-stressed mice.

Taken altogether, bilberry processed abundantly bioactive compound anthocyanoside may be considered a functioning remedy for the prevention and treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction, pending to the validation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.



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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Purified anthocyanins from bilberry and black currant attenuate hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and steatohepatitis in mice with methionine and choline deficiency by Tang X1, Shen T, Jiang X, Xia M, Sun X, Guo H, Ling W. (PubMed)
(2) Bilberry extracts protect restraint stress-induced liver damage through attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction by Bao L1, Abe K, Tsang P, Xu JK, Yao XS, Liu HW, Kurihara H. (PubMed)

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