Saturday, 4 January 2020

Herbal Angelica Offsets the Anticoagulant Activity of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT)

By Kyle J. Norton


Platelets are tiny blood cells that prevent injury and infection by forming clots to stop bleeding.

Antiplatelet activity is an action that prevents and treats blood clots.

Anticoagulants, commonly known as blood thinners, are conventional medicines used to reduce the coagulation of blood, prolong the clotting time.

Anticoagulants have been used widely for people with a high risk of heart diseases and stroke due to narrowing arteries associated with plaque accumulation on the arterial walls.

Platelets are made in the bone marrow that also produces white and red blood cells.

Diseases associated with low and abnormal blood platelet include
* Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by low blood platelet due to abnormal function of the bone marrow that makes platelets. patients with thrombocytopenia due to the low quantity of blood platelets may experience symptoms of a bruise, internal bleeding, nosebleed.

Long-term untreated thrombocytopenia has been found to increase the risk of cancer, liver disease, pregnancy, infections, and an abnormal immune system.

* Essential thrombocythemia is a disease associated with overproducing blood platelets by the bone marrow, leading to symptoms of blood clots that form and block the blood supply to the brain or the heart.

* Secondary thrombocytosis is also another condition caused by too many platelets produced by the bone marrow.

Angelica or Dang Qui is a herb of Genus Angelica from the family Apiaceae, indigenous to China.

The herb has been used as a Queen herb in traditional Chinese medicine antispasmodic and vasodilatory agent, and to balance the hormones in women for a normal menstrual cycle and menstruation and strengthen heart, spleen, kidneys, and liver for both men and women, etc. In other words, it is used to treat gynecological ailments, fatigue, mild anemia, and high blood pressure. It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, etc.

On finding a natural compound for the treatment of platelet aggression, the researchers examined the impact of these four commonly used Chinese medicinal herbs on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the combination therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin.

In order to mimic the standard dosing regimen for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in human, Sprague-Dawley rats treatment groups were received a bolus oral dose of DAPT on day 1 followed by DAPT for consecutive 13 days in absence and presence of orally co-administered four TCM herbs (Danshen, Gegen, Danggui, and Chuanxiong) at their low and high doses.

According to the results at day 14, and observed the plasma concentrations of aspirin (ASA) and clopidogrel (CLP) and their corresponding metabolites,

* Co-administration of Gegen and Danggui significantly altered the pharmacokinetics of ASA and CLP in DAPT with increased systemic exposure of ASA and CLP respectively.

Furthermore, DAPT with Danshen, Gegen and Danggui co-treatment. significant inhibition on rCyp2c11 that enzymes mediating metabolism of ASA and carboxylesterase activities in drug metabolism, compared to a minimal impact on aspirin esterase activity in all co-administered herbs.

Moreover. all DAPT treatment groups showed a significantly longer prothrombin time (PT) compared to a decrease of the DAPT group in presence of Gegen, Danggui, and Chuanxiong with no change to other coagulative expressions.

Taken altogether, Herbal Angelica used combined with other herbal medicine may be used as a remedy to offset the anticoagulant activity of DAPT, pending to larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Impact of the Chinese herbal medicines on dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics outcomes and related mechanisms in rats by Xiao M1, Qian C2, Luo X3, Yang M4, Zhang Y5, Wu C6, Mok C7, Lee P8, Zuo Z. (PubMed)

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