Healthy Food Onion Improves the Endothelial Functioning

By Kyle J. Norton

The endothelium is a layer of membrane that lines the inside of the heart and blood vessels.
Endothelial cells found in the endothelium processes a function to control vascular relaxation and contraction and enzymes involved in blood clotting, immune function, and platelet. adhesion.

In other words, under normal conditions, the cells of endothelium protect the heart muscles and the blood vessels against the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Endothelial dysfunction is a common and early event in cardiovascular disease (CVD) caused by reduced function of endothelium due to damage occurred in the vascular endothelium.

Endothelial dysfunction caused by cardiovascular disease involves different mechanisms, depending on specific risk factors. Particularly, a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability that interferes with the diverse physiological actions, including vasodilation, anti-inflammation, antiplatelet, antiproliferation and antimigration are some of the major causes of endothelial dysfunction.

Epidemiologically, hypercholesterolemia,  hyperglycemia, hypertension, smoking, inflammation, and aging are some of the prevalent factors found in patients with endothelial dysfunction.

Dr. Hirata Y and colleagues in examining the treatment of endothelial dysfunction conventionally wrote, Vascular endothelial dysfunction reflected by reduced nitric oxide (NO) availability is certainly the causative factor or promoting the mechanism of arteriosclerosis"

And, " There are nonpharmacological and pharmacological therapies to attain endothelial repair. The former includes bodyweight reduction, aerobic exercise, and restriction of salt intake, while the latter includes the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, calcium antagonists, some types of beta-blockers, statins, erythropoietin, tetrahydrobiopterin, and antioxidants. These therapies are intended to increase NO synthase activity and NO release, inhibit NO degradation, and enhance the activity of endothelial progenitor cells".

The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belongings to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic. It is often called the "king of vegetables" because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world's cultures. 

Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild or sweet.

On finding a potent ingredient that processes cardioprotection researchers examined the effects of onion peel extract (OPE) on endothelial function in healthy overweight and obese individuals.

The randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study included a total of 72 healthy overweight and obese participants randomly assigned to receive a red, soft capsule of OPE (100 mg quercetin/d, 50 mg quercetin twice daily; n = 36 participants) or an identical placebo capsule (n = 36) for 12 wk.

According to the tested assays, the OPE treated group showed significant improvement of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) associated with the dilation of an artery that increases blood flow at 12 wk, compared to no difference in the placebo group.

The circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) counts and percentage of EPCs associated with the promotion of repaired vascular damage were significantly increased in the OPE group.

More precisely, OPE decreased the patients with endothelial dysfunction from 26% to 9%.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "Medium-term administration of OPE an improvement in FMD and circulating EPCs (in patients with the endothelial dysfunction)".

Taken altogether, onion may be considered a remedy for the promotion of endothelial function, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effect of onion peel extract on endothelial function and endothelial progenitor cells in overweight and obese individuals by Choi EY1, Lee H2, Woo JS1, Jang HH1, Hwang SJ1, Kim HS1, Kim WS1, Kim YS3, Choue R2, Cha YJ4, Yim JE4, Kim W. (PubMed)
(2) Diagnosis and treatment of endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease by Hirata Y1, Nagata D, Suzuki E, Nishimatsu H, Suzuki J, Nagai R. (PubMed)