(Preview) Most common diseases of 50 plus - Diseases of Central Nervous system - Medication Causes of Dementia

By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

         Diseases of Central Nervous system

                           Dementia


About 5-8% of all people over the age of 65 have some form of dementia, and this number doubles every five years above that age. Dementia is the loss of mental ability, severe enough to interfere with people's every life and Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia in aging people.

II. Causes of dementia
G. Medication Causes of Dementia
As aging, accumulation of toxins of certain medication used to treat certain diseases, such as antidepressants, sedatives, cardiovascular drugs and anti-anxiety medications may cause increased risk of cognitive dysfunction, including dementia-like symptoms(146).
1. Antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, antipsychotics and benzodiazepines
An Antidepressant is a psychiatric medication used to treat mood disorders, such as major depression and dysthymia and anxiety disorders. According to Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. all antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), antipsychotics (atypical and typical), and benzodiazepines overtime of medication exposure, induced more rapid cognitive and functional decline in AD(147).

2. Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Risks for AD and all-cause dementia were lower significantly with the use of any NSAIDs, but there is a weak link associated between usage of NSAIDs and the risk of cognitive impairment but not dementia (CIND(148)

3. Cannabis
Cannabis has been  used for the treatment of a number of conditions, including neuropathic pain, treatment of spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis, and chemotherapy-induced nausea, etc,. According to University of Western Australia, chronic use of cannabis may impair intellectual abilities, probably through some causal pathways(149).

4.  Hallucinogens
Hallucinogens, psychedelic drugs, used primary action in altered cognition and perception, may cause distortion of sensory perception, and other psychic and somatic effects, including sweating, heart palpitations, blurring of vision, memory loss, trembling, and itching(150).

5. Risperidone 
The most prescribed antipsychotic medication has shown to increase risk of dementia(152) and other cognitive dysfunction, depending to overtime chronic exposure(151).

5. Others
a. Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids are synthetic drugs closely resemble cortisol, a steroid hormones produced by the adrenal glands to assist the physiologic processes, including stress response, immune response, and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, behavior, etc. but an excessive usage showed to increase risk of progressive cognitive decline(153)(154).

b. Antibiotics 
 Antibiotics are medication taken to treat a variety of infections found to be associated with increased risk of psychomotor deceleration, delirium and psychosis in elderly patients(155)(156).

c. H2-receptor antagonists 
H2-receptor antagonists are medicines taken to reduce the amount of acid the stomach by blocking one important producer of histamine2,  may cause acute and chronic cognitive impairments(157)(158).

d. Etc.

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References
(146) http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5510964_prescription-drugs-cause-dementia.html
(147) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22374884
(148) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22546354
(149) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16240487
(150) http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/exchange/node/1880
(151) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24901289
(152) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20025088
(153) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25265527
(154) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25191904
(155) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19097002
(156) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16696772
(157) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23209067
(158) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10459729