Herbal Chickweed and Hepatitis

By Kyle J. Norton

Chickweed is a cool-season annual plant often eaten by chickens., genus S. media, belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Europe. The herb has been used in herbal medicine to treat skin conditions, indigestion, eczema, cough, rashes, etc. and as astringent, carminative, demulcent, diuretic, expectorant, laxative, refrigerant, vulnerary agent.

Chemical constituents(1)(2)
1. Igenin 6-C-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-8-C-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside
2. Apigenin 6-C-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-8-C-beta-D-galactopyranoside
3. Apigenin 6-C-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-8-C-beta-L-arabinopyranoside
4. Apigenin 6-C-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-8-C-beta-D-galactopyranoside
5. Apigenin 6, 8-di-C-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside
6. Alkaloidal glycoside
7. Glucodichotomine B
8. Neolignan glycosides
9. Dichotomosides A, B, C, and D
10. Phenylpropanoid glycoside
11. Dichotomoside E
12. Saponins
13. Mucilage
14. PABA
15. Coumarin,
16. Flavonoids (rutin)
17. Hydroxycoumarin

Chickweed (Stellaria media (Linn.) Villars) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine over 200 years, mainly for the treatment of dermatitis and other skin diseases. In the study to evaluated the  anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV),  using the human HBV-transfected liver cell line HepG2.2.15, researched at the Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine indicated that the herbal  30 μg/mL SM-3 effectively suppressed the secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg after 6 days of treatment,  Consistent with the reduction in HBV antigens, SM-3 also reduced the level of HBV DNA in a dose-dependent manner(3). In support of the result, the ¹Siberian State Medical University, indicated a hepaprotective effect of the herb water-soluble polysaccharide fraction at a dose of 100 mg/kg(4). In the evaluation of anti-hepatoma activity on five human liver-cancer cell lines, i.e. HepG2/C3A, SK-HEP-1, HA22T/VGH, Hep3B and PLC/PRF/5, with 15 most common herbs used in Canada folk medicine, chickweed may be effective in portect the liver against the growth of all five cell lines, depending to further study validation(5).

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References
(1) [Studies on chemical constituents from stellaria media. I].[Article in Chinese] by Dong Q¹, Huang Y, Qiao SY.(PubMed)
(2) Bioactive constituents from Chinese natural medicines. XIV. New glycosides of beta-carboline-type alkaloid, neolignan, and phenylpropanoid from Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata and their antiallergic activities by Morikawa T¹, Sun B, Matsuda H, Wu LJ, Harima S, Yoshikawa M.(PubMed
(3) Anti-hepatitis B virus activity of chickweed [Stellaria media (L.) Vill.] extracts in HepG2.2.15 cells by Ma L¹, Song J, Shi Y, Wang C, Chen B, Xie D, Jia X.(PubMed)
(4) Evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of water-soluble polysaccharide fraction of Stellaria media L. by Gorina YV¹, Saprykina EV, Gereng EA, Perevozchikova TV, Krasnov EA, Ivanova EV, Fait EA, Baranova OV.(PubMed)
(5) In vitro anti-hepatoma activity of fifteen natural medicines from Canada by Lin LT¹, Liu LT, Chiang LC, Lin CC.(PubMed)
References