Testosterone is a male hormone, besides promoting libido it has other
important functions such as maintaining muscle mass and form bone,
regulating heart muscle and cholesterol. It also helps to improve the
oxygen levels throughout the body as well as controlling blood glucose
and strengthening the immune system. In this article, we will discuss
symptoms of low levels of testosterone.
1. Decreased sexual function
As
we mentioned in the last article, starting at age 40 levels of
testosterone start to diminish, the levels of the by-product prolactin
of testosterone of men increases, stimulating the production of the
enzyme 5-alpha reductase that causes the conversion of testosterone to
gihydro-testosterones DHT thus triggering low levels of testosterone
resulting in sexual dysfunction.
2. Loss of bone density
The
brain and bone are the important tissues that have the primary effect of
testosterone is by way of aromatization to 17β estradiol. In the bones. 17β-estradiol accelerates maturation of cartilage into bone, leading to closure of the epiphyses (a rounded end of a long bone) and conclusion of growth.
3. Loss of muscle mass
As
men start aging or damage of pituitary gland or extra estrogen build up
in the body causing low levels of testosterone being produced resulting
in loss of muscle mass. Testosterone effects can be classified as
anabolic effects that include growth of muscle mass and strength, increased bone density and strength, and stimulation of height growth and bone maturation. Testosterone effects can also be classified by the age of usual occurrence.
4. Memory loss
Low
levels of testosterone allows beta-amyloid, a toxic peptide to
accumulate in certain regions of the brain causing memory loss.
5. Abdominal fat
Fat
cells create aromatase enzymes that contribute to fat build up and low
levels of testosterone that allows the forming of abdominal fat that
produce more aromatase enzyme resulting in more formation of estrogen.
It also causes insulin resistance by increasing fat around the
stomach/waist area and fat mass.
There are more symptoms of low levels of testosterone such as timidity, feeling of weakness, passive attitude, etc.
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