Tuesday 19 November 2013

Precocious Puberty - Life style Causes

Precocious Puberty
I. Precocious Puberty refers to the sexual and physical characteristics mature occurring at an unusually early age such as before age 7 or 8 in girls and age 9 for boys.

Understand the process of puberty
The process of puberty begins with production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) from the brain, which in turn stimulates the pituitary gland to produce the luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). These two hormones again stimulates the ovaries in girls and testicles in boys to produce estrogen and testosterone responsible for the growth and development of girl and male sexual characteristics respectfully.
C. Life style Causes of Precocious Puberty
1. Obesity ( high estrogen and insulin) and Race
Girls who are obese and black are more likely to physically mature earlier. In a study of "Earlier onset of puberty in girls: relation to increased body mass index and race" by Paul B. Kaplowitz, MD, PhD, Eric J. Slora, PhD, Richard C. Wasserman, MD, MPH,Steven E. Pedlow, BS, Marcia E. Herman-Giddens, PA, DrPH, researcher concluded the results are consistent with obesity's being an important contributing factor to the earlier onset of puberty in girls. Factors other than obesity, however, perhaps genetic and/or environmental ones, are needed to explain the higher prevalence of early puberty in black versus white girls.
2. Light at night suppress melatonin, leading to estrogen domination
According to the study of Effect of neonatal melatonin administration on sexual development in the rat by Esquifino AI, VillanĂșa MA, Agrasal C., researchers concluded in melatonin-treated rats as compared to controls, with no modifications at any other time studied. No differences were detected for serum LH levels considering the whole period studied for both groups. There was a faster decrease in plasma FSH levels with age in melatonin-treated animals than in controls. Serum estradiol levels were decreased in the peripubertal period in melatonin-treated rats as compared to controls. All these data suggest that the modifications induced by neonatal melatonin administration on prolactin, FSH and estradiol could be responsible for the precocious puberty shown in this study.

3. Lack of exercise
Lacks of exercise can elevate estrogen and IGF1, leading to precocious puberty. In a study of Secondary sexual characteristics and menses in young girls seen in office practice: a study from the Pediatric Research Office Settings Network byHerman-Giddens, M.E., Slora, E.J., Wasserman, R.C., Bourdony, C.J., Bhapkar, M.V., Koch, G.G. and Hassemeir, C.H. (1997), researchers found that the initial signs of puberty were occurring earlier than previously recorded. The study found that 27 per cent of African-American and almost seven per cent of Caucasian girls had the onset of secondary sexual characteristics, i.e., either breast development or pubic hair development by age seven.

4. Etc. 

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