Piceatannol is a phytochemical in the class of Stilbenoids, found abundantly in grapes, etc.
Health Benefits
1. Anti cancers
In the determination of the apoptotic effects of piceatannol
and myricetin, naturally occurring polyphenols in red wine, alone or
in combination, in two human cell lines: HL-60 (leukemia) and HepG2
(hepatoma), found that on the signaling pathways responsible for
induction of HO-1 expression.found that piceatannol
or myricetin alone induced apoptotic cell death in a concentration-
and time-dependent manners in HL-60 cells. Furthermore, in combined
treatment the percentage of apoptotic HL-60 cells was significantly
higher. Nevertheless, the percentage of TUNEL positive HepG2 cells only
was significant after piceatannol treatment and in combined treatment was even lower than in cells treated with piceatannol alone, according to "Selective apoptotic effects of piceatannol and myricetin in human cancer cells" by Morales P, Haza AI.(1)
2. Breast cancer
found
that PIC inhibited migration and anchorage-independent growth of human
mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A) treated with the prototypic tumor
promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-aceate (TPA). PIC treatment
suppressed the TPA-induced activation of NF-kappaB and expression of
cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in MCF-10A cells. We speculate that an
electrophilic quinone formed as a consequence of oxidation of PIC
bearing the catechol moiety may directly interact with critical cysteine
thiols of IKKbeta, thereby inhibiting its catalytic activity "Piceatannol,
a catechol-type polyphenol, inhibits phorbol ester-induced NF-{kappa}B
activation and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human breast epithelial
cells: cysteine 179 of IKK{beta} as a potential target" by Son PS, Park SA, Na HK, Jue DM, Kim S, Surh YJ.(2)
3. Anti-inflammatory activities and cardioprotective effect
In
the investigation of the modulation of inflammation by resveratrol and
its metabolites by determining the expression and release of
chemokine, eotaxin-1, in cultured human pulmonary artery endothelial
cells, found that piceatannol
showed potency similar to resveratrol. We propose that control of
eotaxin-1 expression and release by proinflammatory cytokines in HPAEC
may be considered as an in vitro model for screening and discovering
polyphenols with anti-inflammatory activities and cardioprotective
potentials, according to "Control of
eotaxin-1 expression and release by resveratrol and its metabolites in
culture human pulmonary artery endothelial cells" by Yang CJ, Lin CY, Hsieh TC, Olson SC, Wu JM.(3)
4. Alzheimer's disease
In
the demonstration of the presence of autoantibodies to ecto-F1-ATPase
(ASabs) in sera and cerebrospinal fluids from patients with Alzheimer's
disease (AD), found that ASabs, unlike irrelevant antibodies, can
increase cellular uptake of HDL, a risk factor for the development of
AD, via a mechanism involving the prototypical function of
ecto-F1-ATPase: the generation of ADP due to the hydrolysis of ATP. Piceatannol,
a specific inhibitor ecto-F1-ATPase, completely hindered these
effects. We hypothesize that ASabs could exert a pathogenetic role in
AD, according to "Anti-ATP synthase autoantibodies from patients with Alzheimer's disease reduce extracellular HDL level" by Vacirca D, Barbati C, Scazzocchio B, Masella R, Rosano G, Malorni W, Ortona E.(4)
5. Prostate cancer
In the determination of whether piceatannol
inhibits the lung metastasis of prostate cancer cells, MAT-Ly-Lu (MLL)
rat prostate cancer cells expressing luciferase were injected into the
tail veins of male nude mice, found that Piceatannol increased the protein levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 in a concentration-dependent fashion. Additionally, piceatannol inhibited the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3. Furthermore, piceatannol
effected reductions in both basal and EGF-induced interleukin (IL)-6
secretion. An IL-6 neutralizing antibody inhibited EGF-induced STAT3
phosphorylation and EGF-stimulated migration of DU145 cells.
Interleukin-6 treatment was also shown to enhance the secretion of uPA
and VEGF, STAT3 phosphorylation and the migration of DU145 cells; these
increases were suppressed by piceatannol. These results demonstrate that the inhibition of IL-6/STAT3 signaling may constitute a mechanism by which piceatannol regulates the expression of proteins involved in regulating the migration and invasion of DU145 cells, according to "Piceatannol inhibits migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells: possible mediation by decreased interleukin-6 signaling" by Kwon GT, Jung JI, Song HR, Woo EY, Jun JG, Kim JK, Her S, Park JH.(5)
6. Antiallergic and radical scavenging activities
In
the assessment of the methanolic extract of the whole plant of Cyperus
longus originating in Egypt and its antiallergic effect on ear passive
cutaneous anaphylaxis reactions in mice,
found that Among the isolates, longusol B (IC(50)=96 µM), luteolin (3.0 µM), resveratrol (17 µM), piceatannol
(24 µM), and cassigarols E (84 µM) and G (84 µM) were found to inhibit
the release of β-hexosaminidase, as a marker of antigen-induced
degranulations, in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells, accoridng to
"Structures of novel norstilbene
dimer, longusone A, and three new stilbene dimers, longusols A, B, and
C, with antiallergic and radical scavenging activities from Egyptian
natural medicine Cyperus longus" by Morikawa T, Xu F, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M.(6)
7. Anti aging
In
the review of the cellular senescence, characterized by cellular
hypertrophy: cell growth in the absence of cell division, indicated that
the genes that regulate this process can be activated or inactivated by
numerous plant polyphenols such as resveratrol, quercetin, butein,
fistein, piceatannol,
curcumin. Many of these substances have been shown to lengthen the
lifespan of invertebrates. Many of these compounds have other potential
beneficial effects on lifespan as antiatherogenic or antineoplastic
agents, according to "The potential influence of plant polyphenols on the aging process" by Cherniack EP.(7)
8. Melanogenesis and collagen synthesis
In
the evaluation of The effect of passion fruit, the fruit of Passiflora
edulis , on melanin inhibition and collagen synthesis, using cultured
human melanoma and fibroblast cells, found that treatment of melanoma
cells with PF-S led to inhibition of melanogenesis. In addition, the
production of total soluble collagen was elevated in dermal fibroblast
cells cultured in the presence of PF-S. PF-R and PF-P did not yield
these effects. Furthermore, the removal of polyphenols from PF-S led to
the abolishment of the effects described above. We discovered that piceatannol
(3,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene) is present in passion fruit
seeds in large amounts and that this compound is the major component
responsible for the PF-S effects observed on melanogenesis and collagen
synthesis, according to "Extract of Passion Fruit ( Passiflora edulis ) Seed Containing High Amounts of Piceatannol Inhibits Melanogenesis and Promotes Collagen Synthesis" by Matsui Y, Sugiyama K, Kamei M, Takahashi T, Suzuki T, Katagata Y, Ito T.(8)
9. Colitis
In the investigation of the possible protective effects of resveratrol and piceatannol
against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced inflammation in mouse
colonic mucosa, found that oral administration of resveratrol or piceatannol
(10 mg/kg body weight each) for 7 constitutive days attenuated the
DSS-induced inflammatory injury, upregulation of iNOS expression, and
activation of NF-kappaB, STAT3, and ERK, according to "Resveratrol and piceatannol inhibit iNOS expression and NF-kappaB activation in dextran sulfate sodium-induced mouse colitis" by Youn J, Lee JS, Na HK, Kundu JK, Surh YJ.(9)
10. Etc.
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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21935971
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20584749
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22254182
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21677380
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21497499
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20930408
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20829595
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20822151
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20155626
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