Phytochemicals and Irritable bowel syndrome

 Irritable bowel syndrome or spastic colon is a condition which causes symptoms of  chronic abdominal pain, discomfort, bloating, and alteration of bowel movement.

Types of food to prevent and treat Irritable bowel syndrome
1. Turkey
Tryptophan is a precursor of melatonin found in many foods including turkey. In the review of  all clinical or non-clinical data about effects of melatonin in GI tract and IBS obtained from literature without time limit up to August 2010, showed that the results of seventeen non-clinical studies showed anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, anti oxidative and motility regulatory effects of melatonin on GI tract. In conclusion melatonin can be a target of interest in IBS because of its potentials to regulate GI motility(1).

2. Fermented soy
In the study to evaluate (i) the effects of a phytoestrogen-rich soy germ fermented ingredient (SG) on visceral hypersensitivity, hyperpermeability and other symptoms in stressed intact female rats, (ii) the mechanisms of action involved on the basis of both estrogenic and protease inhibitor activities of SG, researchers showed that A 2-wk oral treatment with SG prevented the stress-induced hyperpermeability and visceral hypersensitivity in cyclic rats through ER activation, and blocked the increase in colonic proteolytic activity, suggesting that SG can be promising in IBS management(2).

3. Turmeric
In the study to  assess the effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptomology in otherwise healthy adults, indicated that IBS prevalence decreased significantly in both groups between screening and baseline (41% and 57%), with a further significant drop of 53% and 60% between baseline and after treatment, in the one- and two-tablet groups respectively (p < 0.001). A post-study analysis revealed abdominal pain/discomfort score reduced significantly by 22% and 25% in the one- and two-tablet group respectively, the difference tending toward significance (p = 0.071). There were significant improvements in all bar one of the IBSQOL scales of between 5% and 36% in both groups, approximately two thirds of all subjects reported an improvement in symptoms after treatment, and there was a favorable shift in self-reported bowel pattern(3).

4. Wheat bran and Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG)
In the study to investigate the effect of PHGG in IBS patients and compared it to a wheat bran diet, showed that both fiber and PHGG were effective in improving pain and bowel habits, but no difference was found between the two groups. Conversely, intention-to-treat analysis showed a significantly greater success in the PHGG group (60%) than in the fiber group (40%). Moreover, significantly more patients in the PHGG group reported a greater subjective improvement than those in the Fiber group. In conclusion, improvements in core IBS symptoms (abdominal pain and bowel habits) were observed with both bran and PHGG, but the latter was better tolerated and preferred by patients, revealing a higher probability of success than bran and a lower probability of patients abandoning the prescribed regimen, suggesting that it can increase the benefits deriving from fiber intake in IBS, making it a valid option to consider for high-fiber diet supplementation(4).

5. Etc.
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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21128901
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22727545
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15673996
(4) http://journals.lww.com/jcge/fulltext/2009/11000/annatto,_diet,_and_the_irritable_bowel_syndrome.3.aspx 
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12184518