Infertility is defined as inability of a couple to conceive after 12
months of unprotected sexual intercourse. It effects over 5 millions
couple alone in the U. S. and many times more in the world. Because of
unawareness of treatments, only 10% seeks help from professional
specialist. In this article, we will discuss the cervical causes of
infertility.
I. Definition
Cervix is a lower neck of uterus,
it joins on top with the uterus and the bottom with the vagina. It
normally is hostile to the sperm with thick and sticky mucus and only
produces sperm friendly mucus a few day before ovulation to invite sperm
invasion for conception.
II. Cervical causes of infertility
1. Cervical damage
Damage
to cervix caused by medical surgery such as several abortions may lead
to abnormal function of cervix such as not open for sperm invasion or
closed to allow pregnancy to proceed to term resulting in miscarry and
infertility.
2. Cervical stenosis
Cervical stenosis is defined
as a blockage or narrowing of the cervical canal, it is caused by birth
defect or medical surgery thereby, limiting the chance of sperm uterine
invasion causing infertility.
3. Cervicitis
Cervicitis is
defined as a medical condition caused by inflammation or infection to
the cervix leading to abnormal production of cervical mucus and the risk
of infertility.
4. Cervical problems
Cervical problems are
caused by abnormal formation of cervix at birth or after medical surgery
leading to interferes with sperm invasion through the cervix and into
the uterus as resulting of thicken mucus or mucus hostile to sperm.
a) Congenital problem
The
abnormal formation of cervix is caused by medication taking by the
mother during pregnancy resulting in effecting the mucus production
thereby, increasing the risk of infertility and miscarry.
b) Medical problem
Damage
to cervix is caused by medical surgery such as several abortions
leading to abnormal function of cervix such as not open for sperm
invasion or closed to allow pregnancy to proceed to term resulting in
miscarry and infertility.
c) Hormone problem
It is caused by not enough estrogen to stimulate the production of cervical mucus which are friendly to sperm invasion.
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