Wednesday 17 June 2020

Antioxidants Omega -3 Fatty Acids in Reducing the Risk of Chronic Kidney Diseases in Females

By Kyle J. Norton

Kidneys are 2 bean-shaped organs found in the left and right side in the retroperitoneal space in the body.

The function of kidneys is to filter blood and control fluids. They are the second detoxed organs besides the liver and skin.

Due to millions of tiny filters called nephrons in each kidney, people may not experience any kidney dysfunction symptoms at an early stage.

Kidney diseases are a class of medical conditions associated with reduced function of the kidney, in cases, complete loss of kidney function such as kidney failure.

Believe it or not, in the US, the leading causes of kidney failure and the end stage of chronic kidney diseases are diabetes and high blood pressure.

Some researchers suggested that if the 2 causative conditions are under control, kidney failure and the end stage of chronic kidney diseases may be prevented or delayed.

Chronic Kidney disease is a condition associated with the progressive loss of kidney function over a period of many years. Stage of chronic kidney disease according to the National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQ).

Stages and Description of Glomerular Filtration Rate  GFR (the number used to figure out a person's stage of kidney disease)
1. Signs of mild kidney disease but with normal or better GFR greater than 90%.
2. Mild kidney disease with reduced GFR 60-89%.
3. Moderate chronic renal insufficiency 30-59%.
4. Severe chronic renal insufficiency 15-29%.
5. End-stage renal failure of less than 15%.

According to the statistics, in the US, over 660,000 Americans have kidney failure, affecting 14% of the general population.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the protection of kidney activity researchers examined intakes of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCω3PUFA) and its food source-fish-on chronic kidney diseases (CKD) incidence.

A total of 4133 healthy individuals of black and white race aged 18-30 at baseline (1985-1986) from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study were enrolled and followed up over 25 years  

According to the results of the assessment of LCω3PUFA and fish intake by an interview-based dietary history questionnaire at baseline, year 7 (1992-1993) and 20 (2005-2006), 
* Four hundred and eighty-nine incident cases of CKD were identified.

* After adjustment for potential confounders, LCω3PUFA intake was inversely associated with CKD incidence.

* However, this inverse association was persisted among females [0.64 (95% CI 0.48, 0.84; P = 0.002], but not males.

* Non-fried fish consumption showed a marginally significant inverse association with CKD incidence.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "Dietary LCω3PUFA intake was inversely associated with the incidence of CKD among American young adults over 25 years of follow-up".

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney diseases,  particularly in females, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Intakes of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and non-fried fish in relation to incidence of chronic kidney disease in young adults: a 25-year follow-up by Park I1,2, Xun P1, Tsinovoi CL1, Klemmer P3, Liu K4, He K. (PubMed)
(2) Omega-3 fatty acids for dialysis vascular access outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease by Tam KW1, Wu MY, Siddiqui FJ, Chan ES, Zhu Y, Jafar TH. (PubMed)

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