Saturday, 25 June 2016

Most Common Disease of 50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Fibromyalgia Treatment - Cognitive-behavioral and operant-behavioral therapy

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are  medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(1).

      Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                                      Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia, according to the American College of Rheumatology 1990 Criteria for the Classification of Fibromyalgia in the newly proposed criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia are 1) widespread pain in combination with 2) tenderness at 11 or more of the 18 specific tender point sites(a) as a result in responding to pressure.

                        The Treatment


 In conventional medicine perspective
FM usually involves females, particular to women entering stage of menopause. But it is often diagnosed both in young as well as elderly individuals. Diagnosis of pediatric FMS is a lengthy and frustrated condition affecting children and adolescents physical and emotional development, as the disease mimicked a spectrum of inflammatory joint disorders such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), juvenile ankylosing spondylitis, etc, according to the study by Soroka Medical Center, Beer-Sheva(193)
A. Non medication
2. Cognitive-behavioral and operant-behavioral therapy
Operant behavioural (OBT) and cognitive behavioural (CBT) therapies may also applied for
treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). According to the University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Operant behavioural (OBT) and cognitive behavioural (CBT) therapies reduced physical functioning, pain, affective distress, and cognitive and behavioural variables after 6 and 12 months treatment in patient with. Fibromyalgia(198).
Dr. Bernardy K and research team at the Ruhr University Bochum, said, " Cognitive behavioural therapies provided a small incremental benefit over control interventions in reducing pain, negative mood and disability at the end of treatment and at long-term follow-up"(199).

In a total of 125 patients fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology FMS criteria randomly assigned to CBT (n = 42), OBT (n = 43), or attention placebo (AP; n = 40), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and operant-behavioral therapy (OBT treatment expressed a clinically significant improvements in physical impairment. attenuated higher levels of affective distress, lower coping, less solicitous spouse behavior, and lower pain behaviors in FM patients(200).

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References
(198) Psychological pain treatment in fibromyalgia syndrome: efficacy of operant behavioural and cognitive behavioural treatments by Thieme K1, Flor H, Turk DC.(PubMed)
(199) Cognitive behavioural therapies for fibromyalgia. by Bernardy K1, Klose P, Busch AJ, Choy EH, Häuser W(PubMed)
(200)  Responder criteria for operant and cognitive-behavioral treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome by Thieme K1, Turk DC, Flor H.(PubMed)


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