Monday, 20 June 2016

Most Common Disease of 50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Fibromyalgia -The Anti inflammatory Antioxidants - Glucosamine and chondroitin

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are  medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(1).

      Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                                      Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia, according to the American College of Rheumatology 1990 Criteria for the Classification of Fibromyalgia in the newly proposed criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia are 1) widespread pain in combination with 2) tenderness at 11 or more of the 18 specific tender point sites(a) as a result in responding to pressure.

The Antioxidants

Free radicals are atoms, molecules, or ions with unpaired electrons through chemical bonds with other atoms or molecules during a chemical reaction. They may have positive, negative or zero charge.

Free Radicals play an important role in the function of the Immune System. The immune system produces free radicals to kill foreign microbes(152)(153), but the production of free radical sometime can be excessive, leading to formation of a large number of free radicals(154)(155). The domino effects have shown to induce many chronic illness, such as cancers(155).
Furthermore, free radicals also displays over expression of oxidative stress, inducing varies form of chronic illness including metabolic syndrome(156).

           The  Anti inflammatory Antioxidants

Anti inflammatory Antioxidants play an critical role in induction of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of a number of disorders inflammation, Fibromyalgia , rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, psoriasis and contact dermatitis(176),
1. Glucosamine and chondroitin
Glucosamine used for treatment of osteoporosis and prevent the degenerative collagen, has been found to consist anti-inflammatory properties through reduction of the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6(177). The supplement also exhibited a significant reduction in pain intensity at movement and resting state, according to a Russian study(178).
Dr. Fishman SM suggested, administration of Glucosamine and chondroitin may be used for management of pain in patients of Fibromyalgia(179). In a total of 71.4% women, and 65.0% with annual incomes of less than 25,000 dollars.researchers at the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center indicated a higher percentage use of alternative medicine including oral supplement glucosamine and chondroitin for treatment with with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or fibromyalgia(180). Furthermore, the study also showed that use of alternative medicine was significantly associated with female, under 55 years of age, and having some college education(180).
Dr. Parcell S said, " ...sulfur compounds such as SAMe, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), taurine, glucosamine or chondroitin sulfate, and reduced glutathione may also have clinical applications in the treatment of a number of conditions such as depression, fibromyalgia,....."(181).

(176) Antioxidants and inflammatory disease: synthetic and natural antioxidants with anti-inflammatory activity by Geronikaki AA1, Gavalas AM.(PubMed)
(177) Associations between glucosamine and chondroitin supplement use and biomarkers of systemic inflammation by Kantor ED1, Lampe JW, Navarro SL, Song X, Milne GL, White E.(PubMed)
(178) [A role of melatonin in the treatment of low back pain].[Article in Russian] by Kurganova YM, Danilov AB.(PubMed)
(179) Carpal tunnel syndrome, diabetic neuropathy, fibromyalgia, glucosamine and chondroitin, hypnosis in pain management, marijuana for pain by Fishman SM1.(PubMed)
(180) Use of complementary therapies among primary care clinic patients with arthritis by Herman CJ1, Allen P, Hunt WC, Prasad A, Brady TJ.(PubMed)


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