Thursday, 16 June 2016

Most Common Disease of 50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Fibromyalgia - The Free Radical scavengers - Vitamin A

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are  medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(1).

      Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                                      Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia, according to the American College of Rheumatology 1990 Criteria for the Classification of Fibromyalgia in the newly proposed criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia are 1) widespread pain in combination with 2) tenderness at 11 or more of the 18 specific tender point sites(a) as a result in responding to pressure.

                               The Antioxidants

Free radicals are atoms, molecules, or ions with unpaired electrons through chemical bonds with other atoms or molecules during a chemical reaction. They may have positive, negative or zero charge.

Free Radicals play an important role in the function of the Immune System. The immune system produces free radicals to kill foreign microbes(152)(153), but the production of free radical sometime can be excessive, leading to formation of a large number of free radicals(154)(155). The domino effects have shown to induce many chronic illness, such as cancers(155).
Furthermore, free radicals also displays over expression of oxidative stress, inducing varies form of chronic illness including metabolic syndrome(156).

                            The Free Radical scavengers

1. Vitamin A
vitamin A plays an essential roles in enhancing a broad range of immune processes, including white blood cells activation and proliferation(157)of T-helper-cell differentiation, the production of specific antibody in regulation of the immune response(158). According to the Suleyman Demirel University, Concentrations of vitamins A were significantly lower in patients with fibromyalgia than in controls, leading to over displayment of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the etiology and pathogenesis of fibromyalgia(159).
Furthermore, in the evaluation of a total of 43 patients with FM and 44 healthy women, FM group
showed a mean consumption of nutrients lower than CT group, including vitamin A(160).
Deficiency of concentration may play an important role in exacerbate the over expression of Fibromyalgia but excess amount of vitamin A may also worsen the the symptoms of soft tissue rheumatism(161) Dr. Romano TJ. suggested.

(152 Free Radicals, Antioxidants in Disease and Health by Lien Ai Pham-Huy,1 Hua He,2 and Chuong Pham-Huy3(PMC)
(153) Superoxide Anion and Its Functions(Beta Forces)
(154) Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease by Valko M1, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M, Telser J.(PubMed)
(155) Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer by Valko M1, Rhodes CJ, Moncol J, Izakovic M, Mazur M.(PubMed)
(156) Clinical implications of oxidative stress and potential role of natural antioxidants in diabetic vascular complications by Ceriello A1, Testa R2, Genovese S3.(PubMed)
(157) Cellular immunity in osteoarthritis: novel concepts for an old disease by Liossis SN1, Tsokos GC.(PubMed)
(158) Free Radicals, Antioxidants in Disease and Health by Lien Ai Pham-Huy,1 Hua He,2 and Chuong Pham-Huy3(PMC)
(159) Levels of lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and antioxidant vitamins in plasma of patients with fibromyalgia by Akkuş S1, Naziroğlu M, Eriş S, Yalman K, Yilmaz N, Yener M.(PubMed)
(160) Food intake assessment and quality of life in women with fibromyalgia.
[Article in English, Portuguese] by Batista ED1, Andretta A2, Miranda RC3, Nehring J4, Paiva ED2, Schieferdecker ME3.(PubMed)
(161) Exacerbation of soft tissue rheumatism by excess vitamin A: case reviews with clinical vignette by Romano TJ.(PubMed)

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