Pulmonary vascular disease is defined as a condition of blood
flow to the lung’s artery is blocked suddenly due to a blood clot
somewhere in the body, including pulmonary embolism, chronic
thromboembolic disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension, pulmonary
veno-occlusive disease, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, pulmonary
edema, etc.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a subgroup of a specific subgroup of pulmonary hypertension (PH) defined as a condition of slowly progressive disorder as a result of abnormally high blood pressure in the blood vessel, including pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, or pulmonary capillaries, that carries blood from the heart to the lungs due to narrowing in diameter of most of the very small arteries throughout the lungs of that increased resistance to blood flow, leading to right heart failure and death. Because the phrase of pulmonary arterial hypertension is long and pulmonary hypertension is a bit shorter the phrase, pulmonary hypertension is often used in place of pulmonary arterial hypertension(a). According to statistic, approximately over 1,000 new cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension are diagnosed each year, in the United States alone.
VI. Treatments
A. In conventional medicine perspective
Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (group 1 of clinical classification) has been recently characterized by important progresses, particularly in pharmacological therapy. According to the study by Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria,
1. Only until few years ago, patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension were treated with non-specific drugs, such as diuretics and digoxin for right heart failure and calcium-channel blockers in the minority of cases, responders to the acute vasoreactivity test. In addition, use of oral anticoagulant treatment was supported by uncontrolled studies.
2. In the last 15 years (in particular in the last 8 years) different randomized controlled trials assessing the functional, clinical and hemodynamic efficacy of three classes of targeted drugs (prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors) with pulmonary vascular dilating and antiproliferative effects have been performed.
a. Treatment starts with general measures (physical activity, fertility control, respiratory tract infection, etc.) and supportive therapy (anticoagulant therapy, diuretics, oxygen, digoxin). Patients who respond to the acute vasoreactivity test (10% of idiopathic form) are treated with high doses of calcium-channel blockers, non-responders with targeted therapies either on monotherapy or combination.
b. Usually an oral active drug is initiated and a second compound of a different class is combined in case of non-satisfactory response to the first treatment
c. Combination therapy should be performed only in specialized centers with large experience on use of targeted therapies and their relevant side effects.
d. In case of failure of medical therapy, possible options are balloon atrial septostomy and/or listing for lung or heart-lung transplantation. As available treatments do not constitute a cure for pulmonary arterial hypertension, further progresses are expected in the near future(37).
Chinese Secrets To Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal
Use The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve
Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
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Sources
(a) http://pulmonaryhypertensionrn.com/ph-vs-pah/
(28) http://lib.bioinfo.pl/paper:21968645
(37) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19603608
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a subgroup of a specific subgroup of pulmonary hypertension (PH) defined as a condition of slowly progressive disorder as a result of abnormally high blood pressure in the blood vessel, including pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, or pulmonary capillaries, that carries blood from the heart to the lungs due to narrowing in diameter of most of the very small arteries throughout the lungs of that increased resistance to blood flow, leading to right heart failure and death. Because the phrase of pulmonary arterial hypertension is long and pulmonary hypertension is a bit shorter the phrase, pulmonary hypertension is often used in place of pulmonary arterial hypertension(a). According to statistic, approximately over 1,000 new cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension are diagnosed each year, in the United States alone.
VI. Treatments
A. In conventional medicine perspective
Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (group 1 of clinical classification) has been recently characterized by important progresses, particularly in pharmacological therapy. According to the study by Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria,
1. Only until few years ago, patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension were treated with non-specific drugs, such as diuretics and digoxin for right heart failure and calcium-channel blockers in the minority of cases, responders to the acute vasoreactivity test. In addition, use of oral anticoagulant treatment was supported by uncontrolled studies.
2. In the last 15 years (in particular in the last 8 years) different randomized controlled trials assessing the functional, clinical and hemodynamic efficacy of three classes of targeted drugs (prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors) with pulmonary vascular dilating and antiproliferative effects have been performed.
a. Treatment starts with general measures (physical activity, fertility control, respiratory tract infection, etc.) and supportive therapy (anticoagulant therapy, diuretics, oxygen, digoxin). Patients who respond to the acute vasoreactivity test (10% of idiopathic form) are treated with high doses of calcium-channel blockers, non-responders with targeted therapies either on monotherapy or combination.
b. Usually an oral active drug is initiated and a second compound of a different class is combined in case of non-satisfactory response to the first treatment
c. Combination therapy should be performed only in specialized centers with large experience on use of targeted therapies and their relevant side effects.
d. In case of failure of medical therapy, possible options are balloon atrial septostomy and/or listing for lung or heart-lung transplantation. As available treatments do not constitute a cure for pulmonary arterial hypertension, further progresses are expected in the near future(37).
Chinese Secrets To Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal
Use The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve
Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Sources
(a) http://pulmonaryhypertensionrn.com/ph-vs-pah/
(28) http://lib.bioinfo.pl/paper:21968645
(37) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19603608
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